Wan Sulaiman, Wan Syibrah Hanisah and Othman, Rashidi and Ismail, Muhammad Hanafi (2026) Effects of pH and photoperiod on algal biomass production and carbon sequestration potential: implications for sustainable carbon mitigation. In: International Congress on Multidisciplinary Optimization and Intelligent Systems, 24-25 September 2026, Yalova University, Turkiye.
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Abstract
Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations and climate-related impacts have created a need for sustainable biological carbon capture strategies. Microalgae and cyanobacteria are promising biological CO₂ sequester agents because photosynthesis converts inorganic carbon into biomass while generating oxygen and potentially valuable bioproducts. pH and photoperiod influence photosynthetic activity, carbon availability, nutrient uptake, and cellular physiology; however, their effects vary among algal species. This study investigated the effects of pH and photoperiod on biomass production and estimated CO₂ sequestration potential of four algal taxa: Pseudanabaena amphigramulata, Alkalinema sp., C. radiosa, and D. brasiliensis. The algae were cultivated in BG11 medium containing sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃; 0.02 g/L) as an inorganic carbon source under different pH and photoperiod conditions. Biomass performance was evaluated based on dry weight and biomass concentration (g/L), while CO₂ sequestration was estimated from dry-weight biomass using a carbon conversion factor of 0.427, followed by conversion of carbon to CO₂ using a factor of 3.67. The results demonstrated distinct responses among the tested species, indicating that pH and photoperiod influenced biomass accumulation and estimated CO₂ fixation potential in a speciesdependent manner. P. amphigramulata achieved the highest biomass concentration at pH 8 under a 12-hour photoperiod, producing 0.13 g dry weight and 0.87 g/L biomass, corresponding to an estimated CO₂ sequestration of 1.36 g/L CO₂e. D. brasiliensis recorded the second-highest estimated CO₂ sequestration of 1.30 g/L CO₂e at pH 8 under a 24-hour photoperiod, whereas Alkalinema sp. and C. radiosa recorded 1.19 and 1.18 g/L CO₂e, respectively. Overall, the findings demonstrate that pH and photoperiod influence algal biomass production and estimated CO₂ sequestration potential, with P. amphigramulata showing the most promising performance among the tested taxa. The findings provide an experimental basis for selecting suitable algal species and cultivation conditions for future development of sustainable biological carbon capture systems and related environmental applications.
| Item Type: | Proceeding Paper (Plenary Papers) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Algae, cyanobacteria, biomass production, carbon sequestration, built environment |
| Subjects: | BPC Science and Technology in Islam G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences S Agriculture > SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling > SH389 Fisheries-Algae and Algae Culture T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD172 Environmental pollution T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.13 Biotechnology |
| Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): | Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design > Department of Landscape Architecture International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART) |
| Depositing User: | Dr rashidi othman |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Oct 2026 10:30 |
| Last Update: | 29 Oct 2026 10:30 |
| Queue Number: | 2026-10-Q5846 |
| URI: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/132272 |
| Indexed In: | UNSPECIFIED |
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