Mitigation of the micro- and nano plastic using phycoremediation technology

Othman, Rashidi and Ramya, Razanah and Mohd Latiff, Nur Hanie and Wan Sulaiman, Wan Syibrah Hanisah and Mohd Hatta, Farah Ayuni and Mat Ali, Qurratu Aini and Mat Jusoh, Nor Hafizana (2022) Mitigation of the micro- and nano plastic using phycoremediation technology. In: Impact of Plastic Waste on the Marine Biota. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd, SINGAPORE, pp. 183-209. ISBN 978-981-16-5402-2

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Abstract

Asia is the largest global plastic consumer, with about 35% of the world’s plastic consumption. Considering that Malaysia is a part of Asia, it is evident that plastic use is extensive. Unfortunately, discarding plastic causes several environmental hazards and affects human wellbeing. The environmental authorities and the government have been organising campaigns that focus on propagating the reduce, recycling, and reuse concept among the Malaysian public. Nevertheless, after considering the extensive presence of microorganisms in the environment and their affinity towards degrading plastic, the use of such microorganisms and enzymes appears an efficacious approach. Environmental degradation of plastic typically happens through five processes: photodegradation, thermo-oxidative breakdown, hydrolytic degradation, mechanical degradation, and microbial degradation. Microbial degradation comprises plastic breakdown by microorganisms, which produce enzymes that can split long-chain polymers. Microbial enzymes are interesting since they are cost-effective and require minimal maintenance; at the same time, they are easy to manipulate. Rhizopus delemar, R. arrhizus, Pseudomonas sp., Penicillium funiculosum, and Aspergillus flavus are the five microbes that have been cited extensively regarding their ability to break down specific plastics. Moreover, fungal, bacterial, cyanobacteria, and actinomycetes capabilities for plastic degradation are among the environmentally friendly techniques that can help the environment. This chapter discussed how cyanobacteria could be used to break down plastics. The projected research outcome is the identification of potent microbial agents that can rapidly degrade plastics with minimal environmental impact.

Item Type:	Book Chapter
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biodegradation mechanism, Cyanobacteria, Plastics, Phycoremediation
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences S Agriculture > SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling > SH389 Fisheries-Algae and Algae Culture T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD169 Environmental protection T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD172 Environmental pollution T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1080 Polymers, plastics and their manufacture T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.13 Biotechnology
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design > Department of Landscape Architecture
Depositing User:	Dr rashidi othman
Date Deposited:	18 Feb 2022 11:50
Last Modified:	18 Feb 2022 11:50
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/96823

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