A case of non-immune hydrops fetalis in an HIV-positive mother

Kumar Chundran, Naveen and Abdul Hadi, Azwanis and Paramanathan, Catherine (2025) A case of non-immune hydrops fetalis in an HIV-positive mother. Asian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 8 (2). pp. 215-221. E-ISSN 2637-0603

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Abstract

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) remains the primary route of HIV infection in children, with an estimated 30–40% risk in untreated pregnancies. We report a case of a pregnant woman with a high HIV viral load who developed non-immune hydrops foetalis (NIHF), a rare and life-threatening foetal condition characterized by excessive fluid accumulation in at least two compartments. Ultrasound examinations revealed left ventriculomegaly, cardiomegaly with pericardial effusion, pleural effusion, and ascites with an enlarged spleen, confirming NIHF. Extensive investigations ruled out common infectious and non-infectious causes, raising the possibility of a link between maternal HIV and NIHF. This case highlights the need for further investigation into the potential relationship between maternal HIV, congenital HIV, and NIHF, as well as the importance of early detection and multidisciplinary management in high-risk pregnancies

Item Type:	Article (Case Report)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	HIV-Positive Mother, Hydrops foetalis, Non-immune hydrops foetalis
Subjects:	R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics > RG551 Pregnancy
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Family Medicine (Effective: 1st January 2011)
Depositing User:	Dr Azwanis Abdul Hadi
Date Deposited:	26 Nov 2025 12:28
Last Modified:	26 Nov 2025 12:28
Queue Number:	2025-11-Q230
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/124715

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