Developing sustainable Arabic debate training in schools: a post-TOT evaluation of students’ debate competencies

Che Haron, Sueraya and Ahmad, Noorlila and Abdullah, Nurazzelena and Kamaruddin, Zuraidah and Mustapha, Ariyanti and Wan Shahrudin, Wan Syatirah (2026) Developing sustainable Arabic debate training in schools: a post-TOT evaluation of students’ debate competencies. OEIL, 24 (6). pp. 72-84. ISSN 0029-862X

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Abstract

This paper examines the implementation and outcomes of a specialized Arabic debate training programme using a module developed based on Ibn Khaldun’s Theory of Malakah, It was conducted between September 2025 and January 2026 following a Training of Trainers (TOT) Workshop for Arabic Debate Trainers held earlier. The initiative was designed to strengthen school teachers’ capacity to independently train and mentor students in Arabic debating by equipping them with essential debate skills, instructional strategies, and relevant pedagogical approaches. The programme was implemented at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama (P) Alawiyah, Perlis which served as the pioneer school for the initiative. After undergoing a series of weekly debate training sessions conducted by the trained teachers, participating students were assessed to evaluate the impact of the programme on their debate-related competencies. The findings indicate that the students demonstrated notable strengths in critical thinking, contextual application, and argumentative engagement. Nevertheless, the assessment also revealed the need for greater emphasis on foundational Arabic linguistic aspects, particularly vocabulary usage, sentence structure, and grammatical accuracy, in order to further enhance the effectiveness of future Arabic debate training programmes.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keyword: Arabic debate, sustainable debate training, malakah theory
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General) L Education > LB Theory and practice of education L Education > LB Theory and practice of education > LB1025 Teaching (principles and practices)
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Education > Department of Language & Literacy Kulliyyah of Education
Depositing User:	AP DR SUERAYA CHE HARON
Date Deposited:	02 Jul 2026 12:12
Last Modified:	02 Jul 2026 12:12
Queue Number:	2026-06-Q3837
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/129599

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