Sewage sludge as a renewable resource for citric acid production:optimization of supplementary nutrients

Mohamad Hanapi, Nur Hanis and Alam, Md. Zahangir and Abdul Karim, Mohamed Ismail (2011) Sewage sludge as a renewable resource for citric acid production:optimization of supplementary nutrients. Journal of Applied Sciences, 11 (12). pp. 2163-2170. ISSN 1812-5662 (O), 1812-5654 (P)

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Abstract

The optimization of supplementary nutrients in the sewage sludge as a basal medium was carried out to determine the media components on the citric acid production. Two statistical designs were employed in the citric acid productions which are Plackett-Burman and central composite design (CCD). For the media screening, the two-level Plackett-Burman was applied. Under the experimental conditions, it was observed that total suspended solids of sewage sludge (TSS), sugar, cassava, methanol, potassium di-hydrogen phosphate and urea to be the major factors in maximizing citric acid production. A study of single factor was conducted to find the optimum ranges of parameters for citric acid production followed by the central composite design (CCD) under the responses surface methodology. A polynomial model was created to correlate the relationship between two factors (sewage sludge TSS and sugar) and citric acid production. The optimum yield of citric acid, 29.12 g/L was produced with 0.8% TSS sewage sludge and 7% sugar in four days of fermentation. The determination of coefficient (R2) from the analysis was 0.9527, indicating that the model of this experiment is significant.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	4157/5450
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Plackett-Burman design, sewage sludge, citric acid, central composite design (CCD)
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.13 Biotechnology
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Biotechnology Engineering
Depositing User:	Dr. Md. Zahangir Alam
Date Deposited:	10 Nov 2011 12:01
Last Modified:	22 Nov 2011 11:41
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/5450

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