Distortion-free embedding in the optic disk of retina fundus images using complex-valued neural network

Olanrewaju, R. F. and Khalifa, Othman Omran and Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha and Aburas, Abdurazzag Ali and Zeki, Akram M. (2011) Distortion-free embedding in the optic disk of retina fundus images using complex-valued neural network. World Applied Sciences Journal , 13 (6). pp. 1295-1301. ISSN 1818-4952

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Abstract

One of the downside of the current watermarking system is the inevitable distortion caused by data embedding. Some algorithms have been modified to produce a minimal distortion in the host image. however such small alterations may not be acceptable for medical images which are use for diagnosing and treatment of diseases. This paper presents a distortion-free method for embedding data in the optic nerves of retina images (fundus) accomplished by Complex-Valued Neural Networks. Features of the images are modeled in Fast Fourier Transform to obtain the complex values which serves as inputs to Complex-Valued Neural Networks, (CVNN). The performance of the proposed technique has been evaluated using ROC graphs and Image Fidelity Measure (IFM). Results obtained indicate that the proposed algorithm can perfectly embed watermark in the host image without any distortion or loss of information which make both host and the watermarked image perceptually indistinguishable. The novelty of the proposed algorithm is that it guarantees a complete recovery of the embedded data during watermark extraction provided the network is trained properly and correct weights are used. Hence it can improve correct diagnoses and therefore useful in authentication system.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	4119/18439
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Complex Backpropagation (CBP), Complex Valued Feedfoward, Complex-Valued Neutral Network (CVNN), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Digital Watermarking, Fundus Image
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) > Q300 Cybernetics Q Science > QA Mathematics
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Depositing User:	Prof. Dr Othman O. Khalifa
Date Deposited:	13 Feb 2012 10:47
Last Modified:	21 Oct 2020 08:35
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/18439

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