Iqbal, Javed and Nazir, Faridah and Hashmi, Talib Hussain and Shereen, Bushra and Kokab, Rubina and Khalid, Humera (2026) The concept of Khudi in the light of the Quran: a critical analysis of Allama Iqbal’s poetic philosophy. Aposta: Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 24 (112). pp. 1-23. ISSN 1696-7348
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Abstract
The concept of Khudi (Selfhood) occupies a central position in the philosophical and poetic thought of Allama Muhammad Iqbal. Rooted deeply in the teachings of the Holy Quran, Iqbal’s philosophy of Khudi represents a dynamic vision of human personality, spiritual awakening, moral responsibility, and intellectual freedom. This study critically examines the concept of Khudi in the light of Quranic teachings and explores how Iqbal reconstructed the Islamic understanding of selfhood in response to the political decline, intellectual stagnation, and spiritual crisis of the Muslim world during the colonial period. The article argues that Iqbal derived his philosophy primarily from the Quranic conception of humanity as Allah’s vicegerent on earth, endowed with dignity, freedom, creativity, and the potential for continuous spiritual growth. Through his Persian and Urdu poetry, Iqbal emphasized action, struggle, self-discipline, and divine love as essential elements in the development of the self. The study further analyzes the relationship between Khudi and concepts such as freedom, morality, individuality, and collective social life. It also evaluates critical responses to Iqbal’s philosophy and highlights its contemporary relevance in addressing modern crises of identity, materialism, and moral uncertainty. The article concludes that Iqbal’s concept of Khudi remains one of the most influential modern interpretations of Quranic anthropology and Islamic spirituality, offering a comprehensive framework for individual empowerment and civilizational reconstruction.
| Item Type: | Article (Journal) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Khudi, Quran, Iqbal, Selfhood, Islamic Philosophy, Spirituality, Reconstruction, Human Personality, Muslim Thought, Poetic Philosophy. |
| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > B Philosophy (General) BPL Islamic education > BPL27 Aims and objectives of education. Sustainable education P Language and Literature > P Philology. Linguistics > P94 Communication and Islam |
| Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): | Kulliyyah of Sustainable Tourism and Contemporary Languages |
| Depositing User: | Associate Profesor Dr. Faridah Nazir |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Aug 2026 14:37 |
| Last Update: | 11 Aug 2026 14:37 |
| Queue Number: | 2026-08-Q4649 |
| URI: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/130685 |
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