Multivariate optimization assisted green extraction of Alpha-Amylase inhibitor from Persicaria Minor extract

Yusri, Zawin Najah and Abdullah, Erna Normaya and Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi (2026) Multivariate optimization assisted green extraction of Alpha-Amylase inhibitor from Persicaria Minor extract. In: Exploring kesum's potential: findings from the National Kesum Initiative 2.0. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, pp. 53-58. ISBN 978-629-486-668-3

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Abstract

A silent disease, diabetes has sparked significant concern in our community, particularly among culinary enthusiasts. It is classified as a chronic disease and is clinically identified as hyperglycaemia, or elevated blood sugar levels. Early on, the symptoms of this condition may be moderate, which is why many individuals may not recognize them as a warning sign of diabetes (Figure 1). The 2023 National Health and Morbidity Survey conducted by the Institute of Public Health revealed that 15.6% of Malaysian adults, or 1 in 6, were diagnosed with diabetes, while 2 out of 5 adults were oblivious of their condition. Patients with diabetes are frequently prescribed medications that either enhance insulin production or impede the digestion of carbohydrates by enzymes like amylase. This is because insulin is naturally produced in the body and helps regulate blood sugar levels. Nevertheless, the most prevalent diabetes medication may be synthesized using alcohol and animal-based gelatine or enzymes during the production process, which may raise halal concerns, particularly among the Muslim community. Adverse health issues such as gastrointestinal upset and bloating after consuming acarbose had also been reported due to the medicine being prescribed to the patients (Figure 8.1) (Mclver et al. 2024). In order to resolve the halal issue associated with synthetically produced medicine, there was an ongoing investigation of naturally derived alternatives for controlling blood sugar levels. Kesum, which is scientifically referred to as Polygonum minus or Persicaria minor, contains phenolic compounds that can impede the activity of carbohydrate digestion enzymes, thereby assisting in the regulation of blood sugar concentration. This study was conducted to ascertain the efficacy of P. minor (kesum) extract in preventing the enzyme from converting soluble starch into glucose through the hydrolysis process. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with carbon dioxide (CO2) was employed to extract the phytochemicals from P. minor leaves and eliminate ethical concerns associated with extracting P. minor extract. This extraction procedure prevents the excessive use of solvents and abstains from the use of alcohol as a solvent.

Item Type:	Book Chapter
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Alpha-Amylase Inhibitor; Multivariate Optimization; Persicaria 8 Minor Extract; Supercritical Fluid Extraction
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Science > Department of Chemistry
Depositing User:	Dr Mohammad Norazmi Ahmad
Date Deposited:	29 Sep 2026 10:10
Last Update:	29 Sep 2026 10:10
Queue Number:	2026-09-Q5319
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/129274
Indexed In:	UNSPECIFIED

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