Semi-fragile tamper detection in image watermarking for checking the image integrity

Ernawan, Ferda and Amrullah, Agit and Gunawan, Teddy Surya and Abd. Warif, Nor Bakiah and Hisam, Syifak Izhar (2025) Semi-fragile tamper detection in image watermarking for checking the image integrity. In: 2025 International Conference on Control, Automation and Diagnosis (ICCAD), 1-3 July 2025, Barcelona, Spain.

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Abstract

Modern information technology enables users to exchange potentially manipulated digital images. This research introduces a tamper detection scheme in image watermarking to verify image authenticity. The research employs a two-stage integer wavelet transform (IWT), generating authentication bits through a bitwise XOR operation between approximation coefficients and a random binary matrix. The authentication data are strategically inserted into horizontal and vertical subbands. By cross-referencing these authentication bits, the method can detect image tampering. Experimental results demonstrate the approach’s effectiveness in identifying both intentional and unintentional image modifications. The technique achieved a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 54 dB and a structural similarity index (SSIM) of 0.9987 for watermarked images. The proposed method showed remarkable performance in tamper detection, with an average accuracy of 0.97 across various attack scenarios. The scheme successfully detected over 0.97 accuracy in challenging scenarios like collage, copy-paste, and object deletion attacks.

Item Type:	Proceeding Paper (Plenary Papers)
Additional Information:	External collaboration with Malaysian universities. I am the first IIUM author.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Image authentication Tamper detection semifragile watermarking tamper localization
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7800 Electronics. Computer engineering. Computer hardware. Photoelectronic devices > TK7885 Computer engineering
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering
Depositing User:	Prof. Dr. Teddy Surya Gunawan
Date Deposited:	19 Nov 2025 11:17
Last Modified:	19 Nov 2025 11:17
Queue Number:	2025-11-Q027
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/124426

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