Revisiting early detection of oral cancer: a review on methods, impact on survival rates, and recurrence prevention

Zardawi, Faraedon M. and Mustafa Al-Ahmad, Basma Ezzat and Marla, Vinay and Shaban, Sama N. and Amin, Shna Sami (2025) Revisiting early detection of oral cancer: a review on methods, impact on survival rates, and recurrence prevention. Journal of Oncological Science, 11 (2). pp. 161-170. ISSN 2651-4532 E-ISSN 2452-3364

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Abstract

Oral cancer, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma, represents a significant global health concern, with approximately 377,000 new cases diagnosed annually. Early detection is crucial, as the prognosis is heavily influenced by disease stage. Localized oral cancers can have a five-year survival rate exceeding 80%, compared to only 38% for metastatic cases. This literature review emphasizes the importance of early detection as a means of improving patient outcomes and quality of life. Major risk factors, including tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, human papillomavirus infection, and poor oral hygiene contribute to the disease’s prevalence. While symptoms such as persistent ulcers and lumps may be overlooked, advancements in diagnostic techniques -such as visual examinations, fluorescence imaging, and molecular diagnostics- offer promising avenues for early identification. Public health initiatives focusing on awareness campaigns, regular dental check-ups, and comprehensive screening programs are essential for identifying at-risk populations. This review analyzes various methodologies, including salivary biomarkers, advanced imaging technologies, and tumor markers, which contribute to early detection strategies. As advancements in research and technology continue, the integration of these innovative approaches may enhance early intervention efforts. Ultimately, a collaborative approach involving education, research, and healthcare innovation is vital for combating oral cancer. Prioritizing early detection can significantly reduce the societal burden of oral cancer and improve the overall quality of life for affected individuals.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cancer diagnosis and treatments; early detection; health; oncology; oral cancer; oral squamous cell carcinoma; public health initiatives; survival rates
Subjects:	R Medicine > RK Dentistry > RK318 Oral and Dental Medicine. Pathology. Diseases-Therapeutics-General Works
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Dentistry Kulliyyah of Dentistry > Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences
Depositing User:	Dr Basma Al-Ahmad
Date Deposited:	03 Oct 2025 11:53
Last Modified:	03 Oct 2025 11:53
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/123522

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