N-alkane profiles of lard and vegetable oils, and their chemometrics differentiation

Sapian, Nur Ain Syaqirah and Mohamad Roslan, Muhamad Aidilfitri and Mohd Hashim, Amalia and Abdul Manaf, Yanty Noorzianna and Mohd Desa, Mohd Nasir and Halim, Murni and Abdullah Sani, Muhamad Shirwan and Yusof, Mohd Termizi and Pak Dek, Mohd Sabri and Wasoh, Helmi (2024) N-alkane profiles of lard and vegetable oils, and their chemometrics differentiation. Journal of Oil Palm Research, 36 (3). pp. 524-533. ISSN 1511-2780 E-ISSN 2811-4701

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Abstract

This research aims to examine fat from various vegetable oils using n-alkane profiles, as well as chemometrics and machine learning. Unsaponifiable vegetable oils (coconut, peanut, palm and soybean oils) were separated and analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to investigate the n-alkane profiles of each fat. The authenticity of the detected n-alkane profiles was determined by comparing to the retention time of C7-C40 n-alkane standards. The test designs were developed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA), Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), and Random Forest (RF). Both PCA and HCA appeared to provide a clear distinction between each of the vegetable oil tests. Based on the PLS-DA and RF determination, tetracosane (C24) and octadecane (C18) are proposed as the key n-alkane markers for separating lard from vegetable oils. These findings suggest that additional work may be required to achieve and determine the different characteristics across oils in numerous statistical applications, notably chemometrics and machine learning.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	7834/115256
Uncontrolled Keywords:	chemometrics, principal component analysis, lard, n-alkane, random forest
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART)
Depositing User:	Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah Sani
Date Deposited:	24 Oct 2024 15:13
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2024 15:26
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/115256

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