Ecological indicators and phytoremediation efficiency for heavy metal-polluted aquatic ecosystems

Mohd Hatta, Farah Ayuni and Mat Ali, Qurratu Aini and Othman, Rashidi and Wan Sulaiman, Wan Syibrah Hanisah and Mohd Latiff, Nur Hanie and Ramya, Razanah (2024) Ecological indicators and phytoremediation efficiency for heavy metal-polluted aquatic ecosystems. In: New Insights, Perspectives and Strategies in Phytotechnologies. Air, Water and Soil Pollution Science and Technology; Environmental Science, Engineering and Technology . Nova Science Publishers, Inc., NEW YORK, pp. 1-28. ISBN 9798891132580

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Abstract

Climate change, urbanisation, overuse of resources, and poor waste management have caused water scarcity and pollution in 40% of the world. Heavy metals (HMs) are among the toxic substances responsible for global pollution. HMs can easily accumulate and cause great harm to both human health and the environment. The most prevalent HMs in the aquatic ecosystem are Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, Ni, and Cr. Some of these HMs are crucial trace metals for living things, but in higher amounts, they become hazardous. Others, like Pb and Cd, are poisonous while having no biological purpose. The occurrence of aquatic plants is related to water chemistry. The utilisation of these plant species or communities as indicators or biomonitors has been a primary goal in assessing water quality. Conventional HMs clean-up techniques are frequently expensive, time-consuming, harmful to the environment, and ineffective. To restore contaminated areas, phytoremediation has emerged as a technology that provides affordable and ecologically sustainable solutions. Aquatic plant species are known as excellent phytoremediators because they can accumulate substantially higher HM concentrations exhibiting no toxicity. Therefore, this chapter will address phytoremediation by aquatic plants to restore HMs-polluted aquatic ecosystems. Submerged species have shown an exceptional ability to accumulate HMs in their whole bodies. Emergent normally facilitates the removal of HMs through retention and uptake through their respective tissues. Whereas floating aquatic plants do not increase adsorption through the substrate, but they facilitate adsorption to the plant biomass.

Item Type:	Book Chapter
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ecological indicator, phytoremediation, heavy metals, aquatic plants, water pollution
Subjects:	BPC Science and Technology in Islam G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences H Social Sciences > HT Communities. Classes. Races > HT241 Urban ecology. Sustainable urban development Q Science > QH Natural history > QH541.13 Ecology S Agriculture > SB Plant culture T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD172 Environmental pollution T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.13 Biotechnology
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design > Department of Landscape Architecture Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design
Depositing User:	Dr rashidi othman
Date Deposited:	02 Oct 2024 14:42
Last Modified:	02 Oct 2024 14:42
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/114791

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