Quaternary trimethyl chitosan chloride capped bismuth nanoparticles with positive surface charges: catalytic and antibacterial activities

Alli, Yakubu Adekunle and Adewuyi, Sheriff and Bada, Babatunde Saheed and Thomas, Sabu and Anuar, Hazleen (2022) Quaternary trimethyl chitosan chloride capped bismuth nanoparticles with positive surface charges: catalytic and antibacterial activities. Journal of Cluster Science, 33 (5). pp. 2311-2324. ISSN 1040-7278 E-ISSN 1572-8862

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Abstract

Quaternary trimethyl chitosan-stabilized bismuth nanoparticles (QTMC-BiNPs) with positive surface charges were uniquely synthesized and fully characterized. In the synthesis, Quaternary Trimethyl Chitosan (QTMC), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan (CTS) was prepared using two-step reductive methylation. The new biopolymeric functionalized ligand was further used as capping agent for the synthesis of QTMC-BiNPs which was applied as antibacterial and catalytic agents. The reaction was carried out at room temperature without the use of energy consuming or high-cost instruments. The QTMC and nanocomposites were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR), attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared, UV–visible, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dis-persive X-ray spectroscopic techniques. The topology and morphology of the composites were examined with scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal gravimetric analysis were also conducted. The degree of quaternization and degree of dimethylation values of 63.33 and 11.75%, respectively obtained for QTMC confirmed that the main product is a quaternary derivative. The average particle size of QTMC-BiNPs was evaluated to be between 30 and 45 nm. The QTMC-BiNPs revealed clear and uniform lattice fringes with an estimated interplanar d-spacing of 0.32 nm confirming the formation of highly crystalline nanocomposites. A further insight into the antibacterial activities of this nanomaterial were carefully examined on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) using resazurin based microdilution method for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The obtained results revealed that both bacteria pathogens were effectively inhibited/killed by the QTMC-BiNPs at very low concentrations. The MIC of 15.63 and 125 lg/mL were recorded against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively while the MBC of 31.25 and 500.00 lg/mL were estimated against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. An extensive evaluation of the catalytic capability of the nanocomposites towards the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol was also carried out with highly promising result.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Chitosan, Quaternary trimethyl chitosan, Bismuth nanoparticles, Antibacterial activity, Catalytic activity
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1080 Polymers, plastics and their manufacture
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering
Depositing User:	Dr Hazleen Anuar
Date Deposited:	28 Sep 2022 09:49
Last Modified:	28 Sep 2022 10:02
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/100264

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