Tribological improvement using ionic liquids as additives in synthetic and bio-based lubricants for steel-steel contacts

Syahir, A. Z. and Mohd Zulkifli, Nurin Wahidah and Hassan, Masjuki and Abul Kalam, Mohammad and Harith, M. H. and Yusoff, M. N.A.M. and Zulfattah, Z. M. and Jamshaid, Muhammad (2019) Tribological improvement using ionic liquids as additives in synthetic and bio-based lubricants for steel-steel contacts. Tribology Transactions, 63 (2). pp. 235-250. ISSN 1040-2004 E-ISSN 1547-397X

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Abstract

This study investigates the performance of three ionic liquids (ILs), trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium decanoate, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, as lubricant additives in synthetic oil polyalphaolefin (PAO8) and bio-based oil trimethylolpropane trioleate (TMPTO). The ILs were added at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt% concentrations and evaluated in terms of their miscibility with base oils as well as friction- and wear-reducing abilities. Four-ball and high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) tribotesters were employed to evaluate the tribological performance under a boundary lubrication regime. Worn steel surfaces were characterized using optical microscopy, profilometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The results suggested that the addition of trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium decanoate improved the tribological performance of both PAO8 and TMPTO at an optimum concentration of 1 wt%. They showed good friction reduction, lower overall surface wear, and improved surface finishing. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate managed to improve the tribological performance of both base oils only at 0.5 wt%. A further increase in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate concentration caused detrimental effects on the steel surface due to the formation of halogenic compounds.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	9092/79616
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Tribological improvement; Liquids as additives in synthetic; Bio-based lubricants; Steel–steel contacts
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Mechanical Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering
Depositing User:	Engku Norulizati Engku Aziz
Date Deposited:	18 Mar 2020 13:18
Last Modified:	08 Oct 2020 11:55
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/79616

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