Biohydrogen production from organic waste by fermentation : a review

Ainiyah, Ainin and Putra Istiawan, Rio Maulana and Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi and Nurmawati, Ardika (2026) Biohydrogen production from organic waste by fermentation : a review. International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering, 7 (1). pp. 37-46. E-ISSN 2721-8775

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Abstract

Biohydrogen production from organic waste represents a promising renewable energy alternative that can contribute to reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Biohydrogen is an environmentally friendly energy carrier, as it produces no carbon emissions during utilization and possesses a high energy content. Fermentation-based processes have been extensively studied due to their ability to operate without light, under relatively mild temperature and pressure conditions, and to utilize a wide variety of organic wastes as substrates. The present review article deals with the production of biohydrogen from organic waste by different fermentation methods, emphasizing the characteristics of the feedstock and the effect of the operating parameters on the efficiency of the process. The literature review demonstrated that dark fermentation is a promising sustainable route for biohydrogen production. But the relatively low hydrogen yields and the need for strict operating conditions mean that further optimization is needed to apply this technology effectively on an industrial scale, particularly in terms of improving the yield efficiency and reducing operational expenses. This study seeks to identify and compare the operating conditions reported in the literature that correlate with higher biohydrogen yield.

Item Type:	Article (Review)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biohydrogen, dark fermentation, organic waste, renewable energy
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Science > Department of Chemistry
Depositing User:	Dr Mohammad Norazmi Ahmad
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2026 17:27
Last Update:	12 Aug 2026 17:27
Queue Number:	2026-08-Q4681
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/130719

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