Jafree, Afifah Irdina and Tukiran, Nur Hanisah and Wan Ahmad, Wan Aslynn Salwani (2026) Translation and linguistic analysis of The North Wind and the Sun in standard Malay: an instrument for Malaysian speech research = Terjemahan dan analisis linguistik 'Angin Utara dan Matahari' dalam Bahasa Melayu: satu Instrumen untuk penyelidikan pertuturan di Malaysia. Gema Online Journal of Language Studies, 26 (2). pp. 383-403. ISSN 1675-8021 E-ISSN 2550-2131
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Abstract
This study presents the systematic development and validation of a Standard Malay (SM) version of the North Wind and the Sun (NWS) passage, a foundational tool for phonetic and clinical research. Grounded in Nida’s (1964) Equivalence-based Model, the translation prioritised functional equivalence to ensure semantic and communicative parity with the original English stimulus while maintaining cultural naturalness. Using a qualitative design, the text underwent a rigorous process of forward and backward translation, expert harmonisation, and linguistic metadata analysis. Results indicate that the SM NWS captures 19 out of 23 primary SM phonemes. The absence of the remaining four segments, specifically the fricatives /f, v, z, ʃ/, is explicitly justified by their low functional load and peripheral status as loanword phonemes within the Malay phonological system. Consequently, the stimulus provides robust coverage of high-frequency segments essential for motor speech and prosodic assessment. This research fills a critical methodological gap by providing a linguistically validated, standardised stimulus that replaces structurally incongruent regional variants, thereby enhancing the reliability of clinical speech evaluation and cross-linguistic phonetic research in the Malaysian context. Kajian ini membentangkan pembangunan sistematik dan pengesahan petikan 'Sang Angin Utara dan Sang Matahari' (NWS) versi Bahasa Melayu (BM), iaitu satu instrumen asas bagi penyelidikan fonetik dan klinikal. Berteraskan Model Kesepadanan Nida (1964), terjemahan ini mengutamakan kesepadanan fungsi bagi memastikan kesamaan semantik dan komunikatif dengan stimulus asal dalam Bahasa Inggeris, di samping mengekalkan kewajaran budaya. Menggunakan reka bentuk kualitatif, teks tersebut telah melalui proses terjemahan ke hadapan dan terjemahan balik yang rapi, pengharmonian pakar, serta analisis metadata linguistik. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa NWS versi BM merangkumi 19 daripada 23 fonem utama BM. Ketiadaan empat bunyi frikatif /f, v, z, ʃ/, adalah berdasarkan beban fungsi yang rendah dan status sebagai fonem-fonem kata pinjaman dalam sistem fonologi Melayu. Kesannya, stimulus ini menyediakan bahan bagi segmen frekuensi tinggi yang penting untuk penilaian pertuturan motor dan prosodi. Penyelidikan ini mengisi jurang metodologi yang kritikal dengan menyediakan stimulus standard yang disahkan secara linguistik untuk penilaian pertuturan klinikal dan penyelidikan fonetik dalam konteks Malaysia.
| Item Type: | Article (Journal) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | The North Wind and the Sun; Standard Malay; phoneme analysis; translation studies; literary text; Sang Angin Utara dan Sang Matahari; Bahasa Melayu; analisis fonem; kajian terjemahan; teks literary |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) P Language and Literature > PN Literature (General) R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): | Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences > Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology |
| Depositing User: | Dr Wan Aslynn Wan Ahmad |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Jun 2026 15:42 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Jun 2026 15:42 |
| Queue Number: | 2026-05-Q3583 |
| URI: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/129169 |
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