IIUM Repository

Ts. Dr AMAL ELGHARBAWY

Associate Professor

International Institute for Halal Research and Training

IIUM

Ionic liquid, Deep eutectic solvent, Fermentation, Enzymes, Bioethanol

Experience in the production of microbial enzymes, by solid state and submerged fermentation. Specialties: Enzymes including their assays and stability, fermentation and Bioprocess Engineering, Biochemistry, Bioenergy (bioethanol), Biomass Pretreatment, Ionic liquids, and Deep eutectic solvents.

Doctor of Philosophy||Ph.D. International Islamic University Malaysia, Department of Biotechnology Engineering. Master’s Degree| M. Sc. International Islamic University Malaysia, Department of Biotechnology Engineering. Faculty of Engineering. Bachelor's Degree| B. Sc. King Abdul Aziz University, Department of Biochemistry. Faculty of Science.

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  1. Syed Putra, Sharifah Shahira and Alias, Yatimah and Basirun, Wan Jefrey and Ibrahim, Mastura and Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Tola, Hasna and Hayyan, Adeeb and Hashim, Mohd Ali (2026) Biocatalytic transformation of Ganoderma lucidum by porcine pancreatic lipase in hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 340 (NA). pp. 1-16. ISSN 0141-8130 E-ISSN 1879-0003
  2. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Mohd Noor, Najihah and Azmi, Nor Azrini Nadiha and Dewanti, Beauty Suestining Diyah (2026) Beyond the solvent: engineering ionic liquids for biomedical applications—advances, challenges, and future directions. Molecules, 31 (2). pp. 1-31. ISSN 1420-3049
  3. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Wan Sulaiman, Wan Syibrah Hanisah and Yuhan, Avicenna (2026) Preparing future-ready graduates through halal entrepreneurship education: reflections from four years of teaching and income-generation training. Halalsphere, 6 (1). pp. 87-91. E-ISSN 2773-6040
  4. Ahmad, Anis Najiha and Junaidi Rahmat, Shofa and Jaihan, Norfazila and Tukiran, Nur Azira and Mahamad Maifiah, Mohd Hafidz and Ahmad Fadzillah, Nurrulhidayah (2026) Beefing up the halal meat industry in Jombang, Indonesia. In: Beyond Halal: Exploring Dietary Preferences, Novel Ingredients and Techniques. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 477-501. ISBN 978-0-443-30058-5
  5. Ahmad Fadzillah, Nurrulhidayah and Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Windarsih, Anjar and Rohman, Abdul (2026) Metabolomics approach for food safety authentication. In: Beyond Halal: Exploring Dietary Preferences, Novel Ingredients and Techniques. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 447-473. ISBN 978-0-443-30058-5
  6. Abdullah Sani, Muhamad Shirwan and Azid, Azman and Samsudin, Mohd Saiful (2026) Effectiveness of discriminant analysis and varimax rotation as food forensic tools for authentication of skin gelatin sources. In: Beyond Halal: Exploring Dietary Preferences, Novel Ingredients and Techniques. Academic Press, United States, pp. 397-419. ISBN 978-0-443-30058-5
  7. Hayyan, Adeeb and Abed, Khalid M. and Al-Saadi, Mohammed A. and Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. (2025) Application of response surface methodology to optimize the treatment process of high conversion of free fatty acids using (1R)-(-)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid and iron(III) sulphate. HEMIJSKA INDUSTRIJA (Chemical Industry), 78 (2). pp. 79-90. ISSN 0367-598X E-ISSN 2217-7426
  8. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Azmi, Nor Azrini Nadiha (2025) A cleaner path in chemistry. @green, 6 (33 (November-December)). pp. 20-21.
  9. Bhaskar Reddy, A. Vijaya and Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Khan, Huma Warsi and Ahmad, Aqeel and Indarto, Antonius (2026) Fundamentals of polymer and biopolymer nanocomposites. In: Polymer and biopolymer nanocomposites recent advances and applications. Elsevier & Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, MA., pp. 1-27. ISBN 978-0-443-26625-6
  10. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Mohd Nor, Muhammad Shahril (2025) The surprising science behind fitness. TheHealth, 8 (65 (September-October)). pp. 26-27. ISSN 2700-9188
  11. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Ahmad, Anis Najiha (2025) Wrap them in a blanket! Why pairing carbohydrates with protein or fats is essential for optimal nutrient absorption and sustained energy. The Health, 8 (61 (January-February)). pp. 18-19. ISSN 2700-9188
  12. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Ahmad, Anis Najiha (2025) Silent modern epidemic. The Health, March-April. 2025 (March-April. 2025). pp. 22-23. ISSN 2582-8277
  13. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Yuhan, Avicenna and Kotachi, Mariam and Schianchi, Martina (2025) Empowering students for economic self-sufficiency: insights into entrepreneurial education. In: Integrating Artificial Intelligence, Security for Environmental and Business Sustainability. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 2 (608). Springer Nature, Switzerland, pp. 1003-1013. ISBN 978-3-031-96640-8
  14. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Samsudin, Nurhusna and Ahmad, Anis Najiha and Nordin, Noor Faizul Hadry and Wan Sulaiman, Wan Syibrah Hanisah (2025) Catalysing sustainable e-waste management: an exploratory study of urban and rural Malaysian consumer behaviour. Media Matters, 8 (NA). pp. 8-45. E-ISSN 3093-6993
  15. Ahmad, Izzah Az Zahra and Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Azam, Md Siddique and Ahmad, Anis Najiha and Abd Aziz, Anis Farihah and Samsudin, Nurhusna and Wan Sulaiman, Wan Syibrah Hanisah and Nordin, Noor Faizul Hadry (2025) Factors influencing Malaysians’ intention to participate in e-waste recycling. International Journal of Service Management and Sustainability, 10 (2). pp. 186-204. ISSN 0128-3057 E-ISSN 2550-1569
  16. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed (2025) The role of halal industry in economic development: fats and oils detection and verification. In: Halalan Toyyiban Lipids Processing and Utilization. AIJR Publisher, India, pp. 124-134. ISBN 978-81-984081-4-3
  17. Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed and Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. (2025) Introduction to halalan toyyiban processing, utilization, and applications. In: Halalan Toyyiban Lipids Processing and Utilization. AIJR Publisher, India, pp. 1-8. ISBN 978-81-984081-4-3
  18. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Syed Putra, Sharifah Shahira (2025) Lipid extraction for Halal and Toyyib applications: conventional and emerging methods. In: Halalan Toyyiban Lipids Processing and Utilization. AIJR Publisher, India, pp. 9-30. ISBN 978-81-984081-4-3
  19. Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Samsudin, Nurhusna and Mohd Noor, Najihah and Zamarudin, Zalikha (2025) Formulating halal cosmetics: role of lipids, compliance challenges, and technological innovations. In: Halalan Toyyiban Lipids Processing and Utilization. AIJR Publisher, India, pp. 107-123. ISBN 978-81-984081-4-3
  20. Mohd Noor, Najihah and Elgharbawy, Amal A.M. and Khan, Huma Warsi and Hashim, Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun and Moniruzzaman, Muhammad and Abd Wahab, Mohd Firdaus and Mohd Salleh, Hamzah and Matusin, Siti Nur Idayu (2025) Targeting poor solubility of docetaxel: Computational screening of ionic liquids using COSMO-RS. Journal of Ionic Liquids, 5 (2). ISSN 2772-4220

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3Nanoemulsions: factory for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics1526
4Effect of Choline Acetate on the yeast cells during fermentation: kinetics approach1427
5Factors affecting the in-situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches in ionic liquid compatible cellulase system1399
6Natural deep eutectic solvent-assisted pectin extraction from pomelo peel using sonoreactor: experimental optimization approach1392
7High yield of second-generation ethanol in an ionic liquid-cellulase integrated system for single-step processing of empty fruit bunch1345
8Hydrolysis kinetics of oil palm empty fruit bunch in ionic liquids and cellulase integrated system1328
9Ionic liquids as a green solvent for lipase-catalyzed reactions1310
10Shedding light on lipase stability in natural deep eutectic solvents1301
11Green and clean: managing e-waste with halal and toyyib principles1295
12Factors affecting the hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches in ionic liquid-compatible cellulase system1257
13The Importance of implementing good aquaculture practices based on the analysis of scientific and Islamic jurisprudence principles1255
14Future of green solvents Ionic liquid can revolutionise halal pharmaceuticals1254
15Ionic liquids: promising solvents for halal industry1254
16COSMO-RS based prediction for aalpha-linolenic acid (ALA) extraction from microalgae biomass using room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs)1245
17Screening of suitable ionic liquids as green solvents for extraction of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from microalgae biomass using COSMO-RS model1230
18Development of acid‐base‐enzyme pretreatment and hydrolysis of palm oil mill effluent for bioethanol production1227
19A bibliometric analysis on halal cosmetics over twenty years1223
20COSMO-RS based prediction for alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) extraction from microalgae biomass using room temperature ionic liquids (RTILS)1217
21Characterization, stability assessment, antioxidant evaluation and cell proliferation activity of virgin coconut oil-based nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with Ficus deltoidea extract1187
22Prediction of potential ionic liquids (ILs) for the solid–liquid extraction of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) from Microalgae using COSMO-RS Screening Model1169
23A grand avenue to integrate deep eutectic solvents into biomass processing1166
24Wheat flour milling - striking a balance between tradition, innovation and halal toyyiban consumption1158
25Removal of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin from aqueous solutions and an economic evaluation using the electrocoagulation process1150
26Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of protein from Nannochloropsis sp. biomass1150
27Clean Extraction of Pectin from Fruit Peels1139
28Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach1136
29Facilitating enzymatic reactions by using ionic liquids: a mini review1114
30Food as medicine: how eating halal and tayyib contributes to a balanced lifestyle1113