Zainal Abidin, Muhammad 'Adil and Kadir@Shahar, Hayati and Abd Manaf, Rosliza (2019) A cluster randomised controlled trial on effectiveness of carbon monoxide measurement feedback among college smoker : a study protocol. Medical Journal of Malaysia, 74 (1). pp. 62-66. ISSN 0300-5283
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Abstract
Introduction: For the last 30 years, tobacco smoking has continued to be the leading cause of premature deaths in Malaysia. Majority of the smokers in Malaysia are at the pre- contemplation and contemplation stages. Therefore, for the purpose of increasing smoking cessation among this group, the strategies that motivate them to quit smoking have to be reviewed. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of carbon monoxide measurement feedback and the standard brief motivation adopted to encourage the smoker to quit. Methods: A single-blind, cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted at ten tertiary colleges in Selangor. The study recruited young adult smokers at the pre- contemplation and contemplation stages. The subjects in the control group received a standard brief motivational strategy. On the other hand, the intervention group received additional carbon monoxide measurement and a motivational feedback module. A follow up was conducted at the first, third and sixth month to measure changes in smoking cessation stage. Subsequently, the secondary outcomes of a mean number of cigarette consumption and quit smoking attempt were analysed. A total of 160 subjects were required to detect the expected difference of 17% in primary outcomes between the groups. This study utilised Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) to handle the clustering effects. Conclusion: Biomedical risk assessment feedback mechanism by using carbon monoxide is a promising aid to motivate the smoker to quit. This mechanism is a relatively easy, quick and non-invasive technique. Thus, it can be utilised as a reinforcement relating to the harmful effect of smoking. Besides, it can also increase the smokers’ self- efficacy and decisional balance to adopt behavioural changes.
| Item Type: | Article (Journal) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 7266/79331 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Smoking, cessation, motivation carbon monoxide, Transtheoretical Model |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): | Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Community Medicine (Effective: 1st January 2011) Kulliyyah of Medicine |
| Depositing User: | Dr Muhammad Adil Zainal Abidin |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Mar 2020 16:40 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Mar 2020 16:40 |
| URI: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/79331 |
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