Hystrix brachyura bezoar characterization, antioxidant activity screening, and anticancer activity on melanoma cells (A375): a preliminary study

Firus Khan, Al'aina Yuhanis and Abdullah Asuhaimi, Faizah and Jalal, Tara Kamal and Roheem, Fatimah and Natto, Hatim Abdullah and Johan, Muhammad Farid and Ahmed, Qamar Uddin and Abdul Wahab, Ridhwan (2019) Hystrix brachyura bezoar characterization, antioxidant activity screening, and anticancer activity on melanoma cells (A375): a preliminary study. Antioxidants, 8 (2). pp. 1-15. E-ISSN 2076-3921

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Abstract

Porcupine bezoars (PBs) are masses of undigested calcareous concretions formed within the gastrointestinal tract. There are undocumented claims that PBs have antioxidant activity and can treat cancers. However, limited scientific study has been carried out to verify these traditional claims. Hence, this study was conducted to characterize the chemical profile and validate the antioxidant and anticancer activity against melanoma cells (A375). PB extract was initially subjected to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) analyses. The bioautography of antioxidant assays, namely 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH), and β-carotene was performed. An in vitro A375 cell viability assay, apoptosis assay, cell cycle arrest assay, and gene expression assay were carried out as well. The experimental finding revealed 5,10-diethoxy-2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-1H,6H-dipyrrolo[1,2-a:1′,2′-d]pyrazine, ursodeoxycholic acid, and cholest-5-en-3-ol (3 beta)-, carbonochloridate are major compounds detected in PB extract. PB extract has low phenolic content, viz. 698.7 ± 0.93 (µg GAE/5 mg dry weight). The bioautography antioxidant assays revealed a potent antioxidant effect (ABTS > DPPH > β-carotene), with free radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, PB extract exhibited dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cancer activity on A375 cells due to the exhibition of apoptosis via an intrinsic pathway.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	4921/71210
Uncontrolled Keywords:	porcupine bezoar; GCMS; antioxidant assay; apoptosis; traditional medicine
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences > Department of Biomedical Science (Effective:1st July 2011)
Depositing User:	Dr Ridhwan Abdul Wahab
Date Deposited:	21 Mar 2019 17:24
Last Modified:	12 Jul 2019 15:11
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/71210

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