Intensive care in severe malaria: report from the task force on tropical diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine

Karnad, Dilip R. and Mat Nor, Mohd Basri and Richards, Guy A. and Baker, Tim and Amin, Pravin R. (2018) Intensive care in severe malaria: report from the task force on tropical diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine. Journal of Critical Care, 43. pp. 356-360. ISSN 0883-9441

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Abstract

Severe malaria is common in tropical countries in Africa, Asia, Oceania and South and Central America. It may also occur in travelers returning from endemic areas. Plasmodium falciparum accounts for most cases, although P vivax is increasingly found to cause severe malaria in Asia. Cerebral malaria is common in children in Africa, manifests as coma and seizures, and has a high morbidity and mortality. In other regions, adults may also develop cerebral malaria but neurological sequelae in survivors are rare. Acute kidney injury, liver dysfunction, thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are also common in severe malaria. Metabolic abnormalities include hypoglycemia, hyponatremia and lactic acidosis. Bacterial infection may coexist in patients presenting with shock or ARDS and this along with a high parasite load has a high mortality. Intravenous artesunate has replaced quinine as the antimalarial agent of choice. Critical care management as per severe sepsis is also applicable to severe malaria. Aggressive fluid boluses may not be appropriate in children. Blood transfusions may be required and treatment of seizures and raised intracranial pressure is important in cerebral malaria in children. Mortality in severe disease ranges from 8 to 30% despite treatment.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	5608/61674
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Artesunate, Cerebral malaria, DIC Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Quinine, Severe malaria, Thrombocytopenia
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA643 Communicable Diseases and Public Health
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care
Depositing User:	Dr. Mohd Basri Mat Nor
Date Deposited:	30 Jan 2018 12:11
Last Modified:	22 Oct 2018 09:25
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/61674

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