Mohd Yusof, Nazri
(2017)
15 years review of gastrocnemius flap done in Department Of Orthopaedics, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan.
International Medical Journal Malaysia (IMJM), 16 (S1).
p. 10.
E-ISSN 1823-4631
Abstract
Introduction: Gastrocnemius flap is the workhorse for wound coverage in the proximal
tibia. It can be perform by general orthopaedic surgeon because it is done without the
need of microscopic instrumentation. Its coverage can be extended to cover the knee
and midshaft of tibia when skin overlying it is included in the flap.
Materials and method: From July 2002 till January 2017, 47 patients underwent
gastrocnemius flap in our hospital (26 muscular and 21 musculocutaneous flap). 41 flaps
were raised from medial, 5 lateral and 1 from both muscle belly. There were 41 males
and 6 females with the mean age of 21.4 years old (range 13-82). The flaps were done
to cover upper third (29), upper half (6), midshaft tibia (6), knee (2) and distal femur
(1). The initial problems were open fracture (30), infection following plating (9),
necrotising fasciitis (4), degloving injury (2), pin site infection (1) and melioidosis (1).
Eight patients have underlying Diabetes mellitus, 2 Hepatitis B, 3 HIV or 1 COAD. Two
patients have sciatic nerve palsy.
Results: There was no flap necrosis. Complications include persistence infection in 6
patients which require repeated debridement (5), below knee amputation (1),
advancement of flap (1) and additional fasciocutaneous flap (1). Two patients with
gastrocnemius musculocutaneous flap had partial failure of skin graft that heals with
dressing. One patient develops transient peroneal nerve palsy following the lateral
gastrocnemius transfer.
Conclusion: Gastrocnemius flap is a reliable and safe procedure in orthopaedic surgery.
Problems that occur are associated with inadequate debridement and underestimate the size of the flap.
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