Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data

Zakariya, razak and Ahmad, Zuhairi and Saad, Shahbudin and Rosnan, Y. (2015) Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data. ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development, 31 (2). pp. 102-112. ISSN 0217-5460

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Abstract

Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) essentially related to the total scattering of particles in the water column. It plays the role as a transport medium for pollutants, total load of organic and inorganic substance in the water phase. In this study, we have developed empirical relationship based on a strong relationship between Landsat near infrared (NIR) band and archived SPM data. The following were the power equations: SPM NE (mg/l) = 11.68x^0.666 SPM SW (mg/l) = 18.61x^0.493 where, x (TM4) is radiance of ETM+ NIR band 4 was developed under tropical atmospheric conditions. Using the above equation, the SPM concentration for Northeast and Southwest monsoon in the Pahang River estuary as a case study was determined. The mean SPM concentration and mean reflectance value during Northeast monsoon were 131.69 mg/l and 0.135 mg/l. The mean SPM concentration value and reflectance were 95.94 mg/l and 0.078 mg/l during the Southwest monsoon. Generally, from remote sensing archive data and above equations, the SPM concentrations of Pahang River were successfully determined from 1999 to 2012.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	7060/44899
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Suspended particulate matter; Pahang River estuary; Landsat ETM+; historical data; water quality
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GC Oceanography G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences T Technology > T Technology (General)
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Science > Department of Marine Science
Depositing User:	Dr. Zuhairi Ahmad
Date Deposited:	02 Oct 2015 15:22
Last Modified:	04 Jan 2018 16:32
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/44899

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