2 µm mode-locked pulse generation using nickel metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) coated arc-shaped fiber

Ahmad, Harith and Chiam, Joe Win and Samion, Muhamad Zharif and Ismail, Mohammad Faizal and Radzi, Zamri and Mutlu, Saliha and Sevil, Savaskan Yilmaz and Arsu, Nergis and Ortaç, Bülend and Thambiratnam, Kavintheran (2025) 2 µm mode-locked pulse generation using nickel metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) coated arc-shaped fiber. Optical Fiber Technology, 93 (1). pp. 1-6. ISSN 1068-5200 E-ISSN 1095-9912

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Abstract

Metal-organic framework (MOF) is an emergent material that consists of metal ions and highly porous organic ligands. In this study, we demonstrate a 2 μm all-fibre mode-locked thulium/holmium-doped fiber laser (THDFL) by utilizing a nickel-based MOF (Ni-MOF) as a saturable absorber (SA) material. For the fabrication of the SA, the material was drop-casted on an arc-shaped fiber. The SA showed a 19.98 MW/cm2 saturation intensity and an exceptionally high modulation depth of 15.3 , surpassing previously reported materials in this wavelength range. The laser output centered at 1907.66 nm with an average power reaching up to 2.057 mW. The fundamental pulse rate and width were 14.30 MHz and 1.664 ps, respectively. Consequently, the THDFL generates pulses with an energy of 175 pJ and a peak power of 105 W. Mode-locked operation proved stable as the laser was observed over 2 h and showed a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of about 48 dB. Notably, this work represents the first demonstration of Ni-MOF as an SA in a THDFL, opening new avenues for ultrafast fiber laser development.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	Cited by: 0
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Fiber lasers; Holmium alloys; Holmium compounds; Light sensitive materials; Liquid crystals; Metamorphic rocks; Nickel; Nickel coatings; Thulium compounds; 2 µm; Doped fiber; Metalorganic frameworks (MOFs); Metals ions; Mode-locked pulse; Modelocking; Nickel metal-organic framework; Organic ligands; Pulse generation; Shaped fibers; Saturable absorbers
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Science Kulliyyah of Science > Department of Physics
Depositing User:	Ts. Dr. Kavintheran Thambiratnam
Date Deposited:	19 Nov 2025 09:22
Last Modified:	19 Nov 2025 09:22
Queue Number:	2025-11-Q047
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/124457

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