Coastal hazard risk and socio-economic implications of rising sea levels in Pahang and Selangor

Ibrahim, Nur Arifah Najihah and Ariffin, Effi Helmy and Jeofry, Hafeez and Ramli, Muhammad Zahir and Yunus, Kamaruzzaman and Mohamed, Juliana and Miskon, Mohd Fuad (2025) Coastal hazard risk and socio-economic implications of rising sea levels in Pahang and Selangor. Water Conservation & Management, 9 (1). pp. 172-177. ISSN 2523-5664 E-ISSN 2523-5672

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Abstract

The rising sea level due to climate change poses a critical threat to Malaysia’s coastal regions, impacting both the physical environment and socio-economic stability. This study assesses the vulnerability of the Pahang and Selangor coastlines by integrating physical and socio-economic data through a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. A Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) was developed using six key parameters: geomorphology, coastal slope, shoreline change rate, mean tidal range, wave height, and rate of sea level rise (SLR). Concurrently, a socio-economic survey was conducted to evaluate community awareness, preparedness, and adaptation strategies toward SLR. The CVI results indicate that 9 out of 14 management units along the Pahang and Selangor coastlines exhibit high to very high vulnerability. The findings reveal that areas with extensive sandy and muddy shorelines, low coastal slopes, and high erosion rates are particularly at risk. Additionally, socio-economic data highlight a concerning lack of awareness and preparedness among coastal communities, despite evidence of shoreline retreat and economic losses. This study underscores the urgent need for targeted coastal management strategies that integrate both physical risk assessments and community-based adaptation measures. The results provide a scientific foundation for policymakers to enhance coastal resilience and sustainable development in Malaysia’s coastal regions.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Coastal Vulnerability, Sea Level Rise, Socio-Economic Impact, Malaysia, Coastal Management
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GC Oceanography
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Science > Department of Marine Science Kulliyyah of Science > Institute of Oceanography and Maritime Studies
Depositing User:	Dr Fuad Miskon
Date Deposited:	09 Jun 2025 10:47
Last Modified:	09 Jun 2025 10:47
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/121379

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