C-reactive protein, albumin, urea, crp/albumin ratio, and urea/albumin ratio: a retrospective evaluation in Covid-19 patients

Mohammad Nazri, Nor Amirah and Wan Azman, Wan Norlina and Musa, Norsyuhadah and Tuan Ismail, Tuan Salwani and Harun, Azian and Yaacob, Najib Majdi and Sulong, Sarina and Kuttulebbai Naina Mohamed Salam, Sirajudeen and Che Mat, Mahaya and Zulkeflee, Hani Ajrina and Mustapa, Siti Sarah (2023) C-reactive protein, albumin, urea, crp/albumin ratio, and urea/albumin ratio: a retrospective evaluation in Covid-19 patients. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 19 (6). pp. 164-170. E-ISSN 2636-9346

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Abstract

Introduction: C-reactive protein (CRP), urea, albumin, CRP/albumin ratio (CAR) and urea/albumin ratio (UAR) could be valuable biomarkers for determining the severity of illness in patients with COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the association between these markers and disease severity in COVID-19 patients on admission and days five to seven after admission. Methods: This retrospective study includes 153 adult COVID-19 patients admitted to Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II and Hospital Ampang from January 2021 to December 2021. Patients’ serum CRP, urea, albumin and creatinine levels were recorded on admission and on days five to seven after admission. The patients were categorised based on the Annex 2e guidelines published by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia and further classified as mild to moderate disease (stages 1-3) and severe to critical illness (stages 4-5). Results: On admission, urea, creatinine, CRP, UAR and CAR were significantly higher in the severe to critical group (p<0.001). The optimal cut-off value for the UAR was 0.16; the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.760, and sensitivity and specificity were 63.6% and 85.7%, respectively. The AUC of the CAR was 0.752, with 54.2% sensitivity and 91.4% specificity at an optimal cut-off value of 1.63. In severe to critical COVID-19 patients, albumin levels decreased significantly on days five to seven after admission, while urea levels remained significantly higher in this group (p<0.001, p<0.05, respectively). Conclusion: CRP, urea, albumin, CAR and UAR are promising biomarkers for predicting the severity of disease in COVID-19 patients.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	COVID-19; c-reactive protein; albumin; urea; CRP/albumin ratio; urea/albumin ratio
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Medicine Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Basic Medical
Depositing User:	Prof.Dr. SIRAJUDEEN KUTTULEBBAI NAINAMOHAMED SALAM
Date Deposited:	15 Nov 2023 15:34
Last Modified:	08 Jan 2024 14:09
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/108140

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