Kuttulebbai Naina Mohamed Salam, Sirajudeen
(2022)
Role of honey and its chemical constituents on Neuroprotection.
In: 2nd International Conference on “Global Trends in Applied Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences (ICGTAMH-2022), Bengaluru, India.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Abstract: Honey is a viscous, sweet food substance made by honeybees. It has been consumed since ancient time due to its nutritional and medicinal values. Honey is composed of a variety of chemical constituents such as sugars, amino acids, proteins mainly of enzymes, vitamins, minerals and polyphenols such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. The composition and quality of different types of honey vary depending on the geographical location, floral sources, honeybees, climate changes etc. In recent times there is an increasing trend towards understanding the effects of honey in wound healing, diabetes, cancer, neuroprotection etc. The neuroprotective potential of honey has been shown in many studies and is suggested to be due to the synergistic action of polyphenols and other bioactive compounds present in it. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play the key role in the mechanism of neurodegeneration. In oxidative stress, there is an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduction of antioxidant capacity leading to oxidation of cellular structures such as lipids, protein and nucleic acids. Honey ameliorates the oxidative stress by attenuating the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content and DNA damage, while it also enhances the antioxidant defence system and reduces the neuroinflammation by minimizing the elevation of pro-inflammatory markers. In our study also we have shown the neuroprotective action of Malaysian Tualang honey in the kainic acid induced excitotoxic rats where the pre-treatment with Tualang honey significantly reduced the elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and increased the total antioxidant status, reflecting the reduction of oxidative stress. Further, reduction in the neuroinflammation was evidenced by low elevation of TNF-α, IL-1β, glial fibrillary acidic protein etc. and suppression of elevation of apoptotic marker caspase-3 in rat brain. Although pre-clinical studies with honey showed encouraging results, further clinical studies are warranted to elucidate its potential role in neuroprotection.
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