Evaluation of diagnostic performance of rK28 ELISA using urine for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis

Ghosh, Prakash and Bhaskar, Khondaker R. H. and Hossain, Faria and Khan, Md Anik Ashfaq and Vallur, Aarthy C. and Duthie, Malcolm S. and Hamano, Shinjiro and Huda, M. Mamun and Salam, Md. Abdus and Khan, Md Gulam Musawwir and Coler, Rhea N. and Reed, Steven G. and Mondal, Dinesh (2016) Evaluation of diagnostic performance of rK28 ELISA using urine for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Parasites & Vectors, 9 (1). pp. 1-8. ISSN 1756-3305

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Abstract

Background: Recombinant fusion proteins are now commonly used to detect circulating antibodies for the serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Asia, Africa and the Americas. Although simple, these tests still require blood collection and their use in remote settings can be limited due to the need of collection devices, serum fractionation instrument and generation of biohazardous waste. The development of an accurate and non-invasive diagnostic algorithm for VL, such as could be achieved with urine, is desirable. Methods: We enrolled 87 VL patients and 81 non-VL individuals, including 33 healthy endemic controls, 16 healthy non-endemic controls, 16 disease controls and 16 tuberculosis (TB) patients. We compared the efficacy of recombinant antigens rK28, rK39 and rKRP42 for the diagnosis of VL when either serum or urine were used to develop antibody-detection ELISA. Results: As expected, each of the antigens readily detected antibodies in the serum of VL patients. rK28 ELISA showed the highest sensitivity (98.9 %), followed by rK39 and rKRP42 ELISA (97.7 and 94.4 %, respectively); overall specificity was > 96 %. When urine was used as the test analyte, only a marginal drop in sensitivity was observed, with rK28 ELISA again demonstrating the greatest sensitivity (95.4 %), followed by rK39 and rKRP42 ELISA, respectively. Again, the overall specificity was > 96 %. Conclusions: Our data indicate the potential for using urine in the diagnosis of VL. Detection of antibodies against rK28 demonstrated the greatest sensitivity. Together, our results indicate that rK28-based antibody detection tests using urine could provide a completely non-invasive tool amenable for diagnosis of VL in remote locations.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	9217/86970
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Visceral leishmaniasis, Diagnosis, rK28, rK39, rKRP42, ELISA, Serum, Urine, Bangladesh
Subjects:	R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA643 Communicable Diseases and Public Health
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Basic Medical Kulliyyah of Medicine
Depositing User:	Prof. Dr. Md. Abdus Salam
Date Deposited:	27 Dec 2020 20:47
Last Modified:	27 Dec 2020 20:47
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/86970

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