Solanum torvum for hypertension in ‘Kitab al-tibb’: A systematic review on the scientific evidence

Ismail, Azlini (2020) Solanum torvum for hypertension in ‘Kitab al-tibb’: A systematic review on the scientific evidence. In: International Conference on Malay Medical Manuscript (ICOMMM) 2020, 15th - 16th December 2020, IIUM Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

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Abstract

Solanum torvum or ‘terung pipit’ is a perennial herb that was mentioned in ‘Kitab al-Tibb’ or ‘Kitab Tibb Pontianak’ for treatment of hypertension. The aim of this study is to conduct systematic review utilizing Science Direct, PubMed and Scopus databases asserting the claim. Search was carried out without date and language restrictions, and based on combinations of the following keywords; "Solanum torvum", "S. torvum”, "antihypertensive", "antihypertensive", "diuretic", "vasodilation", "ACE inhibitor", "angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor", and "blood pressure". After systematic search and filtration of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 research articles were included in this review. It was found that the frequently used part of S. torvum in these studies was its fruits. The plausible evidences found include; i) reduction in blood pressure of normotensive and hypertensive rats (induced by high fructose diet), ii) diuretic activity by increasing total urine output and increased sodium excretion in normotensive rats, and iii) significant inhibition on angiotensin-converting enzyme that is responsible for production of Angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. The isolated active compound found was (E)-2,3- dihydroxycyclopentyl-3- (3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl) acrylate. In contrast, one article showed contradictory findings whereby S. torvum was reported to induce partial vasoconstriction, and to amplify hypertensive effect in L-NG-Nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats, an animal model which was deprived from the relaxing factor, nitric oxide. Despite this, the same study reported an increase in total urine output and sodium excretion in L-NAMEinduced hypertensive rats. These discrepancies actually suggest that S. torvum actually works distinctively in different animal models of induced hypertension; thus, there is a need to conduct further study on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats model to actually mimic the essential hypertension that frequently occurs in humans. Altogether, this review found scientific evidence from modern science supporting the use of S. torvum as mentioned in ‘Kitab al-Tibb’ for hypertension.

Item Type:	Conference or Workshop Item (Slide Presentation)
Additional Information:	7407/86585
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Solanum torvum, terung pipit, Kitab Tibb, hypertension, antihypertensive, systematic review, medical manuscript, malay manuscript, darah tinggi
Subjects:	R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology > RM147 Administration of Drugs and Other Therapeutic Agents R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Dentistry > Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences
Depositing User:	DR. AZLINI ISMAIL
Date Deposited:	30 Dec 2020 14:37
Last Modified:	30 Dec 2020 14:37
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/86585

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