The role of Candida albicans candidalysin ECE1 gene in oral carcinogenesis

Engku Nasrullah Satiman, Engku Anis Fariha and Ahmad, Hasna and Ramzi, Ahmad Bazli and Abdul Wahab, Ridhwan and Kaderi, Mohd Arifin and Wan Harun, Wan Himratul Aznita and Dashper, Stuart and McCullough, Michael and Arzmi, Mohd Hafiz (2020) The role of Candida albicans candidalysin ECE1 gene in oral carcinogenesis. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine, xx. pp. 1-7. E-ISSN 1600-0714 (In Press)

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Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with many known risk factors including tobacco smoking, chronic alcoholism, poor oral hygiene, unhealthy dietary habits and microbial infection. Previous studies have highlighted Candida albicans host tissue infection as a risk factor in the initiation and progression of oral cancer. C. albicans invasion induces several cancerous hallmarks, such as activation of proto-oncogenes, induction of DNA damage and overexpression of inflammatory signalling pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these responses remain unclear. A recently discovered fungal toxin peptide, candidalysin, has been reported as an essential molecule in epithelial damage and host recognition of C albicans infection. Candidalysin has a clear role in inflammasome activation and induction of cell damage. Several inflammatory molecules such as IL-6, IL-17, NLRP3 and GM-CSF have been linked to carcinogenesis. Candidalysin is encoded by the ECE1 gene, which has been linked to virulence factors of C albicans such as adhesion, biofilm formation and filamentation properties. This review discusses the recent epidemiological burden of oral cancer and highlights the significance of the ECE1 gene and the ECE1 protein breakdown product, candidalysin in oral malignancy. The immunological and molecular mechanisms behind oral malignancy induced by inflammation and the role of the toxic fungal peptide candidalysin in oral carcinogenesis are explored. With increasing evidence associating C albicans with oral carcinoma, identifying the possible fungal pathogenicity factors including the role of candidalysin can assist in efforts to understand the link between C albicans infection and carcinogenesis, and pave the way for research into therapeutic potentials.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	7855/80858
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Candida albicans, candidalysin, ECE1 protein, immunomodulation
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology R Medicine > RK Dentistry
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Dentistry Kulliyyah of Dentistry > Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences
Depositing User:	AP Ts Dr Mohd Hafiz Arzmi
Date Deposited:	25 Jun 2020 16:10
Last Modified:	03 Jun 2022 11:19
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/80858

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