Characteristic study of palm oil mill effluent crystals

Ngatiman, Muzzammil and Jami, Mohammed Saedi and Abu Bakar, Mohd Rushdi and Subramaniam, Vijaya and Loh, Soh Kheang (2016) Characteristic study of palm oil mill effluent crystals. In: 2016 National Seminar on Palm Oil Milling, Refining, Environment and Quality (POMREQ), 29-30 November 2016, Kuala Lumpur. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

The formation of crystals in palm oil mill effluent (POME) occurs as early as in the secondary stage of POME treatment pond system. It continues to form in the subsequent tertiary treatment process leading to inefficient treatment process. Reduced piping diameter, clogging of crystal debris and leakages are among the main problems caused by crystal formation. The occurrence of POME crystal in the palm oil milling process is rarely reported in scientific article even though it is a common problem faced by the palm oil industry when it comes to POME management. The crystal samples were characterized by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the crystals formed were mainly struvite-a phosphate mineral with formula NH₄MgPO₄·6H₂O oforthorhombic crystallization system. The crystals consisted of mainly inorganic matters i.e. ash content as high as 49.2 wt%, carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) contents less than 5 wt%. Its significant composition of phosphorous up to 22 wt% proved its potential as an alternative source to the ever-increasing demand of phosphate forfertilization with lesser environmental impact.

Item Type:	Conference or Workshop Item (Poster)
Additional Information:	5545/55073
Uncontrolled Keywords:	palm oil effluent, crystallization, phosphate, struvite, supersaturation
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Biotechnology Engineering Kulliyyah of Pharmacy
Depositing User:	Prof. Ir. Dr. Mohammed Saedi Jami, PhD CEng MIChemE
Date Deposited:	22 Feb 2017 12:11
Last Modified:	09 Oct 2019 16:22
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/55073

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