Zainuddin, Mohamed Al-Sideque and Hossain, S.M.S and Abdullah, Muhammad and Tofrowaih, Khairul Amri and Aparow, V.R and Toha @ Tohara, Siti Fauziah
(2026)
Simple model verification of Proton Perdana longitudinal dynamics using standard drive cycles.
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (JMET), 17 (2).
pp. 10-20.
ISSN 2180-1053
E-ISSN 2289-8123
Abstract
This paper presents a simplified verification approach for the longitudinal dynamic model of the Proton Perdana using standard drive cycles. The objective is to assess the model’s reliability in replicating real-world vehicle behaviour by comparing simulated responses against benchmark velocity profiles from the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDSS), Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET), Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) class 2. The model incorporates key longitudinal forces, including traction, braking, aerodynamic drag, rolling resistance, and road gradient effects. To support this verification, maximum traction and braking forces were experimentally obtained using a chassis dynamometer and brake testing machine. Simulation results demonstrate that the model can successfully reproduce the velocity profiles across different drive cycles without exceeding the actual traction and braking limits measured from the test equipment. While the verification process does not provide a fully rigorous validation, it offers a fast and practical means to build confidence in the model's suitability for simulation plant in control strategy development, particularly in early-stage research or educational settings.
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