Mazelan, Siti Syahirah and Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi and Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin and Abdullah, Erna Normaya (2026) Toward sustainable food safety: natural ligand–gold nanoparticle plasmonic sensors for on-site mycotoxin detection. Food Chemistry, 516 (149295). pp. 1-11. ISSN 0308-8146 E-ISSN 1873-7072
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Abstract
Mycotoxins remain a critical challenge to food safety, with limitations in conventional methods driving demand for rapid, portable alternatives. Gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based sensors, exploiting localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), offer rapid and highly sensitive detection, typically achieving detection limits in the low ppb (μg/kg) to ng/mL range, with performance in food matrices further improved through suitable ligand functionalization and optimized assay design. This review highlights recent advances in the use of natural ligands to design sustainable plasmonic nanosensors for on-site mycotoxin detection. Moreover, natural ligands, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and organic acids, enable green synthesis while enhancing selectivity and biocompatibility. We discuss structure–function relationships at the ligand–AuNP interface, linking functional groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl) to stability and specificity. Case studies illustrate improvements in detection limits and applicability in food matrices. Recent trends point toward dual-ligand systems, portable paper-based devices, smartphone integration, and IoT/blockchain-enabled monitoring. Challenges such as reproducibility, standardization, and regulatory approval are considered, alongside opportunities for digital integration and global-scale food safety networks. This review positions metabolite-functionalized plasmonic sensors as a sustainable, next-generation trend in food safety surveillance.
| Item Type: | Article (Review) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Natural ligands Plasmonic nanosensors Gold nanoparticles Mycotoxins LSPR |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry |
| Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): | Kulliyyah of Science Kulliyyah of Science > Department of Chemistry |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Erna Normaya Abdullah |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Jun 2026 10:14 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Jun 2026 10:14 |
| Queue Number: | 2026-06-Q3750 |
| URI: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/129451 |
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