Evaluation of the combination of chitosan hydrogel crosslinker and dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes on osteoblast viability and differentiation

Bachtiar, Endang Winiati and Rieuwpassa, Irene Edith and Fath, Turmidzi and Handajani, Juni and Lestari, Widya (2026) Evaluation of the combination of chitosan hydrogel crosslinker and dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes on osteoblast viability and differentiation. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 17 (2). pp. 191-197. ISSN 2231-4040 E-ISSN 0976-2094

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Abstract

Dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) has gained attention as a cell-free therapeutic approach to enhance bone regeneration. However, the degradation of exosomal biomaterials limits their application, which may be overcome by using an injectable chitosan hydrogel crosslinker (ICHC) as a natural polymeric carrier. ICHC was prepared and loaded with exosomes derived from DPSCs. Cytotoxicity, calcium deposition, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were conducted to assess biocompatibility, mineralization capacity, and structural characteristics. The cell viability of ICHCs, exosome 5 ng/mL, and exosome-loaded ICHC 0.6% ranged from 95% to 132%. NTA analysis revealed particle sizes of 147.5 nm for exosomes and 377.5 nm for exosome-loaded ICHC, with concentrations of 4.6 × 106 and 1.4 × 107 particles/mL, respectively. TEM further validated effective encapsulation, revealing electron-dense particles dispersed throughout the ICHC hydrogel matrix. The combination of exosome-loaded ICHC achieved 100% viability in osteoblast cells and promoted more elongated cell morphology compared to the control, suggesting a safe and effective cell-free material for bone regeneration therapy

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	This is an international collaborative paper.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bone regeneration, cell survival, exosomes, injectable chitosan hydrogel crosslinker, osteoblasts
Subjects:	R Medicine > RK Dentistry
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Dentistry Kulliyyah of Dentistry > Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences
Depositing User:	Dr Widya Lestari
Date Deposited:	09 Jun 2026 15:08
Last Modified:	09 Jun 2026 15:08
Queue Number:	2026-05-Q3610
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/129201

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