Forensic facial approximation of 5000-year-old female skull from shell midden in Guar Kepah, Malaysia

Abdullah, Johari Yap and Moraes, Cicero and Saidin, Mokhtar and Rajion, Zainul Ahmad and Hadi, Helmi and Shahidan, Shaiful and Abdullah, Jafri Malin (2022) Forensic facial approximation of 5000-year-old female skull from shell midden in Guar Kepah, Malaysia. Applied Sciences, 12 (15). pp. 1-10. ISSN 2076-3417

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Abstract

Forensic facial approximation was applied to a 5000-year-old female skull from a shell midden in Guar Kepah, Malaysia. The skull was scanned using a computed tomography (CT) scanner in the Radiology Department of the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia using a Light Speed Plus scanner with a 1 mm section thickness in spiral mode and a 512 × 512 matrix. The resulting images were stored in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the skull was obtained from the CT scan data using Blender’s 3D modelling and animation software. After the skull was reconstructed, it was placed on the Frankfurt plane, and soft tissue thickness markers were placed based on 34 Malay CT scan data of the nose and lips. The technique based on facial approximation by data extracted from facial measurements of living individuals showed greater anatomical coherence when combined with anatomical deformation. The facial approximation in this study will pave the way towards understanding face prediction based on skull structures, soft tissue prediction rules, and soft tissue thickness descriptors

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	forensic facial approximation, computed tomography, face prediction, 3D modelling, skull reconstruction, facial reconstruction
Subjects:	C Auxiliary Sciences of History > CC Archaeology
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Dentistry
Depositing User:	Professor Zainul Ahmad Rajion
Date Deposited:	26 Nov 2025 16:12
Last Modified:	26 Nov 2025 16:12
Queue Number:	2025-11-Q188
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/124654

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