Enhancing nurse empowerment through dynamic xMOOCs using the 4D developmental model

Aung, Khin Thandar and Abdual Razak, Rafiza (2025) Enhancing nurse empowerment through dynamic xMOOCs using the 4D developmental model. Medicine and Health, 20 (2). pp. 855-862. E-ISSN 2289-5728

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Abstract

This article presented a novel approach to nursing education through extended Massive Open Online Courses (xMOOCs) designed specifically for registered nurses (RNs). The framework is based on the 4D developmental model established by S. Thiagarajan and Semmel in 1974, which encompasses four phases i.e. define, design, develop and disseminate. This structured model facilitates the creation of dynamic, engaging and productive online learning experiences, enhancing nurses’ professional development. xMOOCs prepare nurses with the skills necessary for lifelong learning, integrating interactive modules and multimedia tools enhanced by adaptive learning technology. This approach contributes to quality patient care by developing the competencies of nursing. xMOOCs include interactive learning modules, case studies and simulations, providing nurses with practical experiential learning in a virtual environment. These courses foster active learning and improve critical thinking and decision-making skills that are essential in healthcare. Furthermore, xMOOCs address the needs of nursing professionals by offering customised learning pathways, enabling learners to focus on areas for improvement. This adaptability allows nurses to balance their professional responsibilities with further education. In summary, xMOOCs represent a significant advancement in nursing education, equipping RNs with accessible, scalable, and flexible learning opportunities that enhance professional development and, consequently, patient outcomes.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	4D developmental model; nurse empowerment; professional development; xMOOC
Subjects:	L Education > LC Special aspects of education L Education > LC Special aspects of education > LC5201 Education extension. Adult education. Continuing education R Medicine > RT Nursing
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Nursing > Department of Special Care Nursing
Depositing User:	Dr Khin Thandar Aung
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2025 09:29
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2025 09:29
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/122175

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