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第三代试管婴儿治疗,新加坡不孕不育夫妻的一场昂贵、冒险和不必要的赌博? = Is third-generation IVF treatment an expensive, risky and unnecessary gamble for infertile couples in Singapore?

Huang, Wenjin and Ningyu, Sun and Muhsin, Sayyed Mohamed (2024) 第三代试管婴儿治疗,新加坡不孕不育夫妻的一场昂贵、冒险和不必要的赌博? = Is third-generation IVF treatment an expensive, risky and unnecessary gamble for infertile couples in Singapore? Singapore Eye.

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Abstract

由于晚婚和高龄生育的趋势不断增加,新加坡不孕症的发病率不断上升。女性的生育能力在三十五岁后急剧下降,因为随着更年期的临近,卵巢内的活卵子迅速减少。此外,众所周知,随着产妇年龄的增加,遗传异常出生的发生率不断上升,特别是唐氏综合症。 在华人文化中,唐氏综合症等先天性残疾或许会被视为家庭、社会和国家的负担。因此,接受辅助生殖治疗的焦虑夫妇对基因检测的需求很高,以避免唐氏综合症等基因异常的出生。受孕后的无创产前检测(NIPT)并不能令人满意,因为这可能需要流产基因异常的胎儿,从而带来情感创伤和医疗风险。 因此,世界各地的许多辅助生殖诊所提供第三代试管婴儿治疗,包括在移植到子宫之前对胚胎进行基因检测。该程序称为植入前非整倍体基因检测 (PGT-A) 或胚胎植入前基因筛检 (PGS)。一个相当有说服力的推销说法是,在基因检测上进行少量额外投资可能是更明智的做法,以避免终止基因异常胎儿的潜在创伤,或者更糟糕的是,花更多的钱满足唐氏综合症儿童的教育和医疗保健需求。 另一个巧妙的营销花招是故意歪曲统计数据,夸大高龄妇女出生缺陷的风险,特别是“相对风险”的概念。例如,二十五岁左右的女性中唐氏综合症的患病率为 0.1%,三十多岁的女性中为 1.0%,四十岁出头的女性中为 3.0%。医疗保健营销中常见的“恐吓”策略是宣称当女性接近三十岁时,患唐氏综合症的风险会增加十倍,到四十岁出头时,患唐氏综合症的风险会增加三十倍。因此,对于对统计学知识较为浅薄的患者来说,仅通过对文字和数字数据的微妙操纵,就很容易夸大唐氏综合症的风险。 为了推动这项协议,外国辅助生殖诊所可能会谨慎地告诉患者,他们可以秘密选择婴儿的性别,尽管出于社会原因的性别选择可能在其国家管辖范围内被禁止或劝阻。 ***** The incidence of infertility in Singapore is rising due to the increasing trend of late marriage and childbearing at an advanced age. Female fertility declines sharply after the age of thirty-five as the number of viable eggs in the ovaries decreases rapidly as menopause approaches. In addition, it is well known that the incidence of genetic abnormalities at birth, especially Down syndrome, increases with maternal age.

Item Type: Article (Electronic Media)
Additional Information: 10187/119201
Uncontrolled Keywords: Assisted Reproductive Technology, IVF, Medical Ethics
Subjects: R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences > Department of Fiqh and Usul al-Fiqh
Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences
Depositing User: Dr. Sayyed Mohamed Muhsin
Date Deposited: 08 Feb 2025 17:53
Last Modified: 08 Feb 2025 17:55
URI: http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/119201

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