Omar, Mohamad Firdaus and Ali, Fathilah and Jami, Mohammed Saedi and Azmi, Azlin Suhaida and Ahmad, Farah and Marzuki, Mohd Zahid and Muniyandi, Shantha Kumari and Zainudin, Zuraidah and Kim, Minsoo P. (2025) A comprehensive review of natural rubber composites: properties, compounding aspects, and renewable practices with natural fibre reinforcement. Journal of Renewable Materials, 13 (3). pp. 497-538. ISSN 2164-6325 E-ISSN 2164-6341
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Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive overview of natural rubber (NR) composites, focusing on their properties, compounding aspects, and renewable practices involving natural fibre reinforcement. The properties of NR are influenced by the compounding process, which incorporates ingredients such as elastomers, vulcanizing agents, accelerators, activators, and fillers like carbon black and silica. While effective in enhancing properties, these fillers lack biodegradability, prompting the exploration of sustainable alternatives. The potential of natural fibres as renewable reinforcements in NR composites is thoroughly covered in this review, highlighting both their advantages, such as improved sustainability, and the challenges they present, such as compatibility with the rubber matrix. Surface treatment methods, including alkali and silane treatments, are also discussed as solutions to improve fibre-matrix adhesion and mitigate these challenges. Additionally, the review highlights the potential of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibres as a natural fibre reinforcement. The abundance of EFB fibres and their alignment with sustainable practices make them promising substitutes for conventional fillers, contributing to valuable knowledge and supporting the broader move towards renewable reinforcement to improve sustainability without compromising the key properties of rubber composites.
| Item Type: | Article (Review) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 5439/116471 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Natural rubber composites; natural fibres; renewable; reinforcement; vulcanization; fillers; carbon black; silica; surface treatment; sound absorption; acoustics |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1080 Polymers, plastics and their manufacture |
| Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): | Kulliyyah of Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Biotechnology Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Dr Fathilah Ali |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Mar 2025 09:07 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Mar 2025 09:45 |
| URI: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/116471 |
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