Mohamad Rafai, Nureen Nabila and Mohd Shamsul Arif, Nur Dayana Sofia and Wan Ahmad Sayuti, Wan Nur Iwani and Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan (2024) Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review. International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 8 (5). pp. 411-416. E-ISSN 2600-8491
|
PDF
- Published Version
Download (363kB) | Preview |
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace mineral critical to a variety of biological processes, including metabolism, antioxidant defense, and enzyme activity. It serves as a cofactor in key metabolic pathways, such as carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, and plays a pivotal role in the function of enzymes like manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which protects against oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals. Additionally, Mn is essential for bone formation, wound healing, and maintaining a healthy immune response by interacting with other transition metals. Despite its vital roles, Mn poses significant health risks when consumed in excess, particularly to neurological health. Excessive Mn exposure, whether from occupational settings like mining and welding or non-occupational sources such as contaminated food and water, can lead to manganism—chronic Mn toxicity. This condition is associated with severe neurological impairments, including motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and behavioral abnormalities that mimic the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Mn accumulation in the basal ganglia results in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are believed to drive these effects. Children are especially vulnerable to Mn intoxication, with elevated levels linked to poor academic performance, memory difficulties, behavioral problems resembling ADHD, and lower IQ. These cognitive and emotional challenges can significantly impair development and long-term mental health. Given the widespread distribution of Mn, both naturally and industrially, it is essential to establish regulatory measures that limit exposure. Understanding individual variability in Mn metabolism and sensitivity is crucial for developing occupational safety guidelines and public health policies. Mn’s multifaceted role in human health underscores the need for balanced consumption to maintain its beneficial effects while minimizing potential toxicity. Comprehensive strategies are necessary to safeguard public health and ensure the well-being of future generations.
| Item Type: | Article (Review) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Manganese, Mineral, Essential, Health impact, Neurological Impact |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology > RM216 Diet Therapy. Clinical Nutrition T Technology > TX Home economics > TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply |
| Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): | Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences > Department of Biomedical Science (Effective:1st July 2011) Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences > Department of Nutrition Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Prof Dr Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Dec 2024 09:55 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Dec 2024 09:55 |
| URI: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/113244 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |
Download Statistics
Download Statistics