Development and validation of a new gadget addiction scale (Screen Dependency Scale) among pre-school children in Malaysia

Abdul Hadi, Azwanis and Roslan, Siti Ruziana and Mohammad Aidid, Edre and Abdullah, Nurzulaikha and Musa, Ramli (2022) Development and validation of a new gadget addiction scale (Screen Dependency Scale) among pre-school children in Malaysia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (24). pp. 1-15. ISSN 1661-7827 E-ISSN 1660-4601

PDF (Journal) - Published Version Restricted to Registered users only Download (1MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Background: Excessive screen time in young children is associated with many harmful consequences including screen dependency. Research has shown a worrying prevalence of media-related dependency among adolescents and pre-school children. There are a few available questionnaires among adolescents but none for pre-school children. This study aimed to design and validate a questionnaire to assess screen dependency among pre-school children aged 4 to 6 years old. Methodology: A cross-sectional two-phase study was carried out to develop the scale. In phase 1, a preliminary parent-report measure questionnaire was developed in Bahasa Malaysia. Later, it was sent to four experts for content validity followed by face validity. In Phase 2, a total of 386 parents of pre-school children aged 4 to 6 years old, split into two samples, were involved in the field study for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Result: Sample 1 was used to perform EFA to determine the factorial structure of the SDS. All items with a factor loading of >0.4 were included. Sample 2 was used to perform the CFA. RMSEA and CFI analysis showed that the SDS has a good fit and confirms the dimensional structure found via EFA. The final questionnaire consists of 15 items with a 4 factors’ structure and has excellent internal consistency reliability. Conclusions: The Screen Dependency Scale (SDS) is a reliable and valid questionnaire to detect screen dependency among pre-school children aged 4 to 6 years old in Malaysia.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	screen dependency; validation; pre-school children; questionnaire; Malaysia
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Medicine Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Community Medicine (Effective: 1st January 2011) Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Family Medicine (Effective: 1st January 2011)
Depositing User:	SR NUR FARHANA LATFI
Date Deposited:	28 Dec 2022 12:07
Last Modified:	28 Dec 2022 12:07
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/102248

Actions (login required)

View Item