Mahamad Jawaz, Muhammad Amir Farhan and Abdul Razak, Amir Harith and Zulkiflee, Khodijah and Mohd Radzuan, Hazulin (2026) Effect of Three-Dimensional (3D) model-assisted teaching on inguinal canal anatomy comprehension among undergraduate medical students: a randomised controlled trial. In: 10th International Virtual Medical Research Symposium 2026 Ethical Researcher in the AI Era, 3-4 February 2026, Virtual symposium.
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Abstract
Introduction: Effective anatomy education requires teaching approaches that support students’ understanding of complex spatial relationships while maintaining sound pedagogical principles. Physical three-dimensional (3D) models are increasingly used as supplementary tools to enhance visualisation and active learning. The inguinal canal is a clinically important but conceptually challenging anatomical structure for undergraduate medical students to comprehend through lectures alone. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 3D physical model-assisted teaching in improving undergraduate medical students’ understanding of inguinal canal anatomy compared with traditional lecture-based teaching. Materials and Methods: A randomised controlled trial was conducted involving 140 Year One medical students at the International Islamic University Malaysia. Participants were randomly assigned to either a lecture-only group or a lecture combined with 3D physical model-assisted teaching group. Knowledge acquisition was assessed using pre-test and post-test evaluations administered one week apart. Student performance in applied anatomy was further evaluated using structured practical assessment. Results: 107 students completed both assessments, giving a response rate of 76.4%. Both groups demonstrated significant improvement between pre-test and post-test scores (lecture-only: p = 0.010; lecture + 3D model: p < 0.001). Domain-specific analyses revealed that 3D models particularly enhanced performance in applied anatomy tasks assessed through the Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE). Conclusion: 3D physical model-assisted teaching enhanced students’ understanding of inguinal canal anatomy beyond conventional lectures alone. Incorporating ethically appropriate, non-digital educational innovations as complementary tools may strengthen spatial learning and support effective anatomy education in undergraduate medical training.
| Item Type: | Proceeding Paper (Poster) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Keywords: Anatomy education; inguinal canal; medical education; three-dimensional models; undergraduate medical students |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): | Kulliyyah of Medicine Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Basic Medical |
| Depositing User: | Asst. Prof Khodijah Zulkiflee |
| Date Deposited: | 18 May 2026 15:04 |
| Last Modified: | 18 May 2026 15:04 |
| Queue Number: | 2026-05-Q3474 |
| URI: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/128977 |
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