Impact of floating photovoltaic shading on light penetration and aquatic primary productivity

Shafian, Shafidah and Rusni, Suhaila (2026) Impact of floating photovoltaic shading on light penetration and aquatic primary productivity. Progress in Energy and Environment, 32 (1). pp. 30-42. E-ISSN 2600-7762

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Abstract

Floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems are gaining global momentum as a space-efficient solution for renewable energy generation, particularly on inland freshwater bodies such as reservoirs, lakes, and ponds. While their engineering and energy performance have been well documented, their ecological impacts, particularly those related to underwater light dynamics remain insufficiently understood. This review examines one key mechanism: the attenuation of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by FPV systems and its consequences for aquatic primary productivity. By altering light availability, FPV arrays can suppress the growth of phytoplankton, submerged macrophytes, and benthic algae, with broader implications for oxygen levels, nutrient cycling, and food web structure. We present a conceptual framework that links FPV design and placement to physical light shading, biological responses, and potential system-wide effects. Drawing on evidence from modelling and field studies in reservoirs, natural lakes, and aquaculture ponds, we highlight how ecological outcomes depend on coverage extent, water clarity, and hydrodynamic conditions. While moderate shading may offer benefits in nutrient-rich waters, excessive coverage risks undermining key ecological functions. The review identifies critical knowledge gaps and offers design and policy recommendations to support ecologically informed FPV deployment that balances energy generation with freshwater ecosystem integrity.

Item Type:	Article (Review)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Floating Photovoltaics Light Attenuation Aquatic Primary Productivity Freshwater Ecosystems Ecological Impacts
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QD Chemistry
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Institute of Planetary Survival for Sustainable Well-Being (PLANETIIUM)
Depositing User:	Dr. Suhaila Rusni
Date Deposited:	12 May 2026 06:58
Last Modified:	12 May 2026 06:58
Queue Number:	2026-05-Q3232
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/128867

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