A low-profile flexible planar monopole antenna for biomedical applications

Islam, Md. Shazzadul and Azam, S.M. Kayser and Hossain, A.K.M. Zakir and Ibrahimy, Muhammad Ibn and Motakabber, S. M. A. (2022) A low-profile flexible planar monopole antenna for biomedical applications. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 35. pp. 1-12. E-ISSN 2215-0986

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Abstract

This article proposes a low profile planar monopole antenna on flexible substrate. The antenna is designed with an elliptical slot inserted in a rectangular patch by utilizing the coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding technique on a polyimide substrate. The proposed antenna operates within 7–14 GHz (S11 < − 10 dB) with a minimum return loss is observed as low as – 58 dB by simulation, whereas the entire X-band is covered by the – 20 dB bandwidth while maintaining an excellent VSWR of almost 1. Also, the antenna exhibits an average gain of 4 dBi while the average radiation efficiency is 92%. The maximum SAR of the proposed antenna for 1 g mass is below 1.0 W/Kg throughout the entire bandwidth. To observe flexibility, four different bending conditions of the antenna have been analyzed. For experimentation, the antenna has been realized as a prototype by using a low-cost fabrication process. The measurement reveals that the prototype has a −10 dB bandwidth of 5.4 GHz. During In-Vivo test, over the variation of 0 ∼ 3 mm distance between the antenna-prototype and the human chest/chicken breast tissue, the best performance is obtained at 3 mm in terms of the return loss. One of the significant features of the proposed design is its measured average and peak gain of 4.4 dBi and of 6.33 dBi respectively with a measured average efficiency of 65%. The proposed antenna has a compact size of 13 13 mm2 (), and its performance remains nominally constant even under different bending conditions which makes the antenna suitable for biomedical imaging applications. A new figure-of-merit has been introduced to evaluate the overall performance based on different antenna key parameters. The fabricated antenna would contribute to the future biomedical research by utilizing X-band frequencies.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	4637/96950
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Flexible antenna X-band frequency In-Vivo test Figure of merit Biomedical application
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > T10.5 Communication of technical information
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Depositing User:	Dr Muhammad Ibrahimy
Date Deposited:	28 Feb 2022 12:47
Last Modified:	28 Feb 2022 12:47
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/96950

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