Anti-acanthamoebic activity of methanolic extract of Piper sarmentosum leaves

Mustafa, Farah Farisha and Ghazali, Nor Farahiyah and Mohamad, Habsah and Ibrahim, Maizatul Akma and Zakaria, Nor Hafizah (2021) Anti-acanthamoebic activity of methanolic extract of Piper sarmentosum leaves. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology, 17 (5). pp. 525-538. ISSN 1823-8262 E-ISSN 2231-7538 (In Press)

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Abstract

Aims: Piper sarmentosum or locally known as Kaduk, is a tropical herb plant that was investigated for its phenolic content by previous researchers. The present study aimed at the analysis of crude methanolic extract of P. sarmentosum leaves for phenolic compounds identification and its anti-amoebic properties against pathogenic Acanthamoeba castellanii. Methodology and results: Folin-Ciocalteu assay was used to determine P. sarmentosum leaves methanolic extract (PSLME)’s total phenolic content (TPC). The extract was further characterized by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses to determine the chemical constituents in methanolic PSLME extract. The cytotoxicity of the extract was evaluated through the determination of inhibition concentration for half of cell population (IC50) of pathogenic A. castellanii followed by cell morphological analysis using inverted light and scanning electron microscopies. Acridine-orange/Propidium iodide (AOPI) staining was also conducted to determine the integrity of cell membrane for quantitative analysis. The results demonstrated that the TPC from PSLME was 142.72 mg [GAE]/g with a total of 33 phenolic compounds identified. The IC50 value obtained for A. castellanii was low (74.64 μg/mL) which indicates promising anti-acanthamoebic activity. Microscopy analyses showed that the plant extract caused cells encystment, in which exhibited by distinctive morphological changes on the cells shape and organelle, as well as shortening of acanthopodia. The dual staining and its quantitative analysis prove compromised membrane integrity in the treated amoeba. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: This finding provides the evidence that PSLME contains active phenolic compounds contributing to the anti-acanthamoebic activity on pathogenic Acanthamoeba species.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Piper sarmentosum, phenolic compound, chromatography, Acanthamoeba castellanii, anti-amoeba
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QR Microbiology R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Science > Department of Plant Science
Depositing User:	Dr Maizatul Ibrahim
Date Deposited:	04 Oct 2021 11:48
Last Modified:	04 Oct 2021 11:48
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/92721

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