Mohamed Sharikh, Atikah and Sulaiman, Sarina and Azmi, Azlin Suhaida
(2017)
A review on multiple functions of ionic liquid in biodiesel
production.
Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 39 (1).
pp. 26-35.
ISSN 2289-7879
Abstract
Scarcity of petroleum and constant concern over environmental problems caused by
diesel fuels has promoted production of biodiesel from renewable sources. Biodiesel
synthesized from transesterification methods in the presence of acid or base catalyst
or enzyme requires huge amount of solvent, particularly from alcohol to affirm high
production yield. Inevitably, the process results in bulky waste that demands
appropriate attention. In attempt to tackle the problem, ionic liquid has been
identified to be the most potential substitute for conventional catalyst and solvent
required in the biodiesel conversion. Ionic liquid that is widely known as ‘green
chemical’ can be synthesized to meet reaction requirement by careful selection of
anion and cations, with correct proportion of each to produce desired mixture. This
paper reviews recent applications of ionic liquid in biodiesel production as catalyst,
solvent and co-solvent. Since there are few ways in which ionic liquid can be
categorized, this paper highlights classification of ionic liquids into two major groups;
namely acidic and basic ionic liquid. Discussion on these tswo groups covers their
dual- functions in biodiesel production which are as solvent or co-solvent and catalyst
as well as the limitation of each group in the biodiesel production.
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