Heavy metals content and health risk assessment of the processed tobacco from Malaysian cigarettes

Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah and Ladius, Calvin and Zainal Abidin, Emilia and Abu Samah, Mohd Armi and Razman Sulaiman, Fazrul (2017) Heavy metals content and health risk assessment of the processed tobacco from Malaysian cigarettes. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 37 (9). pp. 742-753. ISSN 0253-7141

	PDF (full paper) - Published Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (122kB) | Request a copy
	PDF (scopus) - Supplemental Material Restricted to Repository staff only Download (259kB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Study determined the concentration of heavy metals in the selected tobacco of the commercial and do it yourself (DIY) cigarette available in Malaysian market. Tobacco was sampled based on the type and flavor (N = 24). The samples were oven dried (48 hr), ground and sieved before analyzed using XRF technique. The highest element detected was Fe (1155.81 ±212.25 mg/ kg), followed by Mn (398.13±84.52 mg/kg), Zn (79.61 ±39.27 mg/kg), Cr (40.96± 14.73 mg/ kg) and Cu (36.11 ±9.50 mg/kg).Elements with low concentration were Ni (8.13 ±1.46 mg/kg), Cd (0.88 ±1.67 mg/kg), Pb (0.63 ±0.94 mg/kg), Hg (0.21 ±0.46 mg/kg) and As (0.03 ±0.07 mg/kg). Moderate correlation was detected between As-Pb (r = 0.57, p = 0.004), Cd-Pb (r = 0.484, p = 0.016), Cr-Mn (r =-0.491, p = 0.015), Cr-Pb (r =-0.433, p = 0.034), Cu-Hg (r = 0.432, p = 0.035), Mn-Ni (r = -0.575, p = 0.003), Mn-Pb (r = 0.414, p = 0.044) and Ni-Pb (r = -0.579, p = 0.003). High correlation was detected between Cr-Ni (r = 0.845, p< 0.001). Significant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk were determine. Heavy metals were detected in the tobacco and significant health risk was determined.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	7301/60385
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cigarette, Tobacco, Heavy metals, Health risk
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Science > Department of Chemistry
Depositing User:	Dr Mohd Armi Abu Samah
Date Deposited:	24 Dec 2017 19:25
Last Modified:	04 May 2018 17:29
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/60385

Actions (login required)

View Item