Production of biodiesel from sludge palm oil by esterification using P-toluenesulfonic acid

Hayyan, Adeeb and Alam, Md. Zahangir and Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed and Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmed and Mohd Siran , Yosri and Mohd. Hakimi , Noor Irma Nazashida (2009) Production of biodiesel from sludge palm oil by esterification using P-toluenesulfonic acid. In: International Advanced of Technology Congress (ATCi 2009), 3-5 November 2009, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

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Abstract

Sludge palm oil (SPO) is an attractive feedstock and a significant raw material for biodiesel production. The use of SPO as feedstock for biodiesel production requires additional pretreatment step to transesterification process, which is an esterification process. The most commonly preferred catalysts used in this process are sulfuric, sulphonic, hydrochloric and P-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA). In this study biodiesel fuel was produced from SPO using PTSA as acid catalyst in different dosages in presence of alcohol to convert free fatty acid (FFA) to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). Batch esterification process of SPO was carried out to study the influence of PTSA dosage (0.25-10% wt/wt), molar ratio of methanol to SPO (6:1-20:1), temperature (40-80oC), reaction time (30-120 min). The effects of those parameters on FFA content, yield of treated SPO and conversion of FFA to FAME were monitored. The study showed that the FFA content of SPO reduced from 22% to less than 0.15% using ratio of 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, and 2% wt/wt PTSA to SPO. After esterification process dosage of PTSA at 0.75% wt/wt shows the highest conversion of FFA to FAME as well as yield of treated SPO. The optimum condition for batch esterification process was 10:1 molar ratio, temperature 60oC and 60 minutes reaction time. The highest yield of biodiesel after aftertransesterification process was 76.62% with 0.06% FFA and 93% ester content.

Item Type:	Conference or Workshop Item (Full Paper)
Additional Information:	4157/5542
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biodiesel, Esterification, Free fatty acid, P-toluenesulfonic acid, Transesterification
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP315 Fuel
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Biotechnology Engineering
Depositing User:	Dr. Md. Zahangir Alam
Date Deposited:	02 Nov 2011 22:03
Last Modified:	22 Nov 2011 08:41
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/5542

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