Effects of dilute acid pretreatment on chemical and physical properties of kenaf biomass

M. N. Nur, Aimi and Anuar, Hazleen and S. M., Nurhafizah and S., Zakaria (2015) Effects of dilute acid pretreatment on chemical and physical properties of kenaf biomass. Journal of Natural Fibers, 12 (3). pp. 256-264. ISSN 1544-046X (O), 1544-0478 (P)

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Abstract

In the current research, kenaf represents an agricultural biomass that possesses enormous potential for industrial applications. Because of its complex structure, which is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, pretreatment process was conducted. Here, dilute acid pretreatment process was conducted, statistically using the response surface method, which included three parameters: mass of biomass (g), temperature (◦C), and time (min). About 2 g of kenaf biomass was treated with 2% dilute sulphuric acid, and it was found to have higher glucose conversion (25.3%) when the process was conducted for 60 min at the temperature of 180◦C. The main aim of the current research is to investigate the chemical and physical changes of kenaf biomass before and after the pretreatment. The changes could be clearly seen in the cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin composition before and after the pretreatment, which were evaluated via TAPPI standard test methods. Morphological observation under scanning electron microscope confirmed the changes that took place on the kenaf biomass from complex to simple surface structure. Fourier transform infrared analysis confirmed the presence of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents of the kenaf biomass before and after pretreatment. Crystallinity of the treated kenaf biomass also increased from 46.6% to 70.0%, as evidenced from X-ray diffractometer analysis.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	4130/43288
Uncontrolled Keywords:	kenaf biomass, pretreatment, chemical composition, crystallinity, physical features, morphology
Subjects:	T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS195 Packaging
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering
Depositing User:	Dr Hazleen Anuar
Date Deposited:	11 Jun 2015 14:37
Last Modified:	18 Aug 2017 10:06
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/43288

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