Comparison of the neurotoxic and myotoxic effects of two Moroccan scorpion venoms and their neutralization by experimental polyclonal antivenom

Oukkache, Naoual and Ahmad Rusmili, Muhamad Rusdi and Othman, Iekhsan and Ghalim, Noreddine and Chgoury, Fatima and Boussadda, Lofti and Elmdaghri, Naima and Sabatier, Jean-Marc (2015) Comparison of the neurotoxic and myotoxic effects of two Moroccan scorpion venoms and their neutralization by experimental polyclonal antivenom. Life Science Journal, 124. pp. 1-7. ISSN 1097-8135

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Abstract

Aims: Scorpion venoms contain complex mixtures of molecules, including peptides. These peptides specifically bind to various targets, in particular ion channels. Toxins modulating Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Cl − currents were described from venoms. The Androctonus and Buthus geni of scorpions are widely distributed in Morocco. Their stings can cause pain, inflammation, necrosis, muscle paralysis and death. The myotoxicity is predominantly associated with neurotoxic effects and is a cause of mortality and morbidity. In this study, pharmacological effects of venoms were investigated in vitro on neuromuscular transmission. Main methods: Effects of Androctonus mauretanicus (Am) and Buthus occitanus (Bo) venoms were investigated using the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparations. The protective activity of antivenom was also 33 investigated. The antivenom was made from serum of horse that was hyperimmunizedwith Bo and Androctonus australis hector (Aah) venoms and one venom from Middle East species (Lq). The protective activity of the antivenom was assessed on the neuromuscular system by using stimulated chick nerve muscle. The results were compared with lethal activity neutralization in mice. Key findings: Am and Bo venoms contain myotoxins and postsynaptic neurotoxins. In agreement with lethal potencies of these venoms in mice, Am venom displays greater neurotoxicity and myotoxicity. The antivenom prevented lethality caused by Am, Bo and Aah venoms. The antivenom did not prevent toxic effects caused by Am venom whereas it neutralized Bo venom. Significance: Amand Bo venoms contain distinct toxins that are responsible for myotoxicity and neurotoxicity. It would be appropriate to add Am venom to produce more efficient antivenom.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Additional Information:	5591/42591
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Androctonus mauretanicus, Buthus occitanus, Scorpion venom, Antivenom, Polyclonal, Scorpion toxin, ED50, Chick biventer cervicis method, Myotoxicity, Neurotoxicity, Lethality,
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Pharmacy > Department of Basic Medical Sciences
Depositing User:	Dr Muhamad Rusdi Ahmad Rusmili
Date Deposited:	19 Jun 2015 08:33
Last Modified:	15 Nov 2017 10:49
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/42591

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