Ben Ameur, Mongi and Chebil, Jalel and Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi and Bel Hadj Tahar, Jamel and Islam, Md. Rafiqul and Sheikh, Abdul Manan (2026) Explainable AI with EDA for V2I path loss prediction. Scientific Reports, 16 (1). pp. 1-22. E-ISSN 2045-2322
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Abstract
Accurate pathloss (PL) prediction is essential for reliable Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication, particularly in dense urban environments characterized by mobility, multipath effects, and complex street geometries. Traditional empirical models often fail to capture these variations, while black-box machine learning (ML) methods lack transparency, limiting their suitability for safetycritical V2X applications. This paper proposes a fully explainable V2I PL prediction framework that integrates Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA), optimized Kalman filtering, and inherently interpretable ML models, including Explainable Boosting Machines (EBM), Generalized Additive Models (GAM), and Generalized Neural Additive Models (GNAM). The framework is validated using a large-scale dataset of 24 heterogeneous urban scenarios and evaluated through 5-fold cross-validation and multi-seed runs. Results show that interpretable models offer competitive accuracy compared to black-box approaches while providing robust global and local explanations of feature contributions. The study also discusses computational considerations, real-time feasibility, and ethical aspects relevant to practical V2X deployment. The proposed framework demonstrates high potential for transparent and trustworthy PL prediction in future 5G/6G V2I systems.
| Item Type: | Article (Journal) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 6727/126985 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Path loss prediction, V2I communications, Explainable AI (ExAI), Channel modeling |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7800 Electronics. Computer engineering. Computer hardware. Photoelectronic devices > TK7885 Computer engineering |
| Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button): | Kulliyyah of Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering > Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Mohamed Hadi Habaebi |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Feb 2026 09:08 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Feb 2026 09:18 |
| Queue Number: | 2026-02-Q2139 |
| URI: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/126985 |
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