School leader personal traits and teacher work engagement: leadership styles and instructional leadership as mediators

Jaafar, Jamilah and Nik Karimah, Nik Hassan and Idris, Hasbullah and Ssekamanya, Siraje Abdallah (2025) School leader personal traits and teacher work engagement: leadership styles and instructional leadership as mediators. International Journal Of Research And Innovation In Social Science (IJRISS), IX (VII). pp. 5778-5793. ISSN 2454-6186

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Abstract

A growing number teachers are demotivated and disengaged from their work. This leads to increasing numbers of teachers facing debilitating physical and psychological symptoms such as stress, depression and burnout. Many of them opt to quit prematurely in the form of early retirement. The present study sought to test a hypothesized model of how the personal characteristics of school leaders are related to teacher work engagement through leadership styles and instructional leadership. Data were collected from 198 deputy headteachers and teachers attending a leadership course at the Aminuddin Baki Institute, Genting Highlands, Malaysia. A self-developed instrument based on the survey of literature was used and its validity and reliability assessed. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted using Smart PLS software. Results indicated that the measurement instruments enjoyed a high degree of validity and reliability. The proposed structural model of the relationship between school leader personal characteristics and teacher work engagement adequately fit the data. It was found that the direct relationship between school leader personal characteristics and teacher work engagement was not significant. On the other hand, the indirect relationship between school leader personal characteristics and teacher work engagement was significant. Mediation analysis confirmed leadership styles and instructional leadership mediate the relationship between school leader personal characteristics and teacher work engagement. These results are important for the appointment, training, supervision and monitoring of school leaders in Malaysia.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Education Kulliyyah of Education > Department of Educational Psychology & Counseling
Depositing User:	Dr. Ssekamanya Siraje Abdallah
Date Deposited:	13 Dec 2025 00:00
Last Modified:	13 Dec 2025 00:00
Queue Number:	2025-12-Q869
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/125741

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